The use of probiotics in medical practice
S.V. Nikolaeva1, Yu.V. Zolotarev2, A.V. Gorelov1,2
1 Central Research Institute for Epidemiology, Moscow
2 Sechenov University, Moscow
Numerous studies have proven the effectiveness of probiotics in the treatment and prevention of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, such as infectious and antibiotic-associated diarrhea, traveler’s diarrhea, necrotizing enterocolitis, Helicobacter pylori infection, and atopic diseases. The main mechanisms of action of probiotics were discovered: antagonistic effect on pathogenic and liable to be pathogenic microbiota bacteria, strengthening of the mucosal barrier of the gastrointestinal tract, as well as the effect on modulation of the immune response, which triggers the chain of immunological defense mechanisms (intensity of secretory IgA production, cytokines and interferons production). The study of the effectiveness of probiotics as prophylactic agents for acute respiratory infections among children and adults is becoming topical. In a systematic review of 12 clinical studies involving a total of 3,720 people (children, adults and the elderly), it was convincingly shown that probiotics were more effective than placebo in reducing the incidence of acute respiratory infections (ARI), reducing the average duration of the ARI episode and frequency of antibiotics usage. In recent years, interest in studying the use of synbiotics, a combination of probiotics and prebiotics, is growing.
Key words: acute respiratory infections, prebiotic, probiotic, synbiotic, Maxilac.
For citation: Nikolaeva S.V., Zolotarev Yu.V., Gorelov A.V. The use of probiotics in medical practice // RMJ. Medical Review. 2018. № 8(II). P. 84–87.
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