Muramyl peptides: mechanisms of action, clinical efficacy, and future applications in medicine
DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2020-4-1-31-37
T.P. Markova, D.G. Chuvirov, L.G. Yarilina, E.V. Kozhinova
Academy of Postgraduate Education of the Federal Scientific and Clinical Center of the Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
Immunotherapeutic agents are the type of drugs modifying main components of immune system or cytokine production. Their use began in 1960s. Considering wide range of immunotherapeutic agents, indications should be addressed based on the mechanisms of their action. Clinically, immunotherapeutic agents (as a part of complex treatment) reduce the duration and severity of infection diseases as well as the need for antibiotics. Among novel agents, polymuramyl (combination of glucosamine muramyl tripeptide, glucosamine muramyl tetrapeptide, and glucosamine muramyl tripeptide dimer) is of interest. This agent is a specific ligand of NOD1 and NOD2 receptors and an agonist of pattern-recognizing receptors — an activator of the production of regulatory cytokines, phagocytes, natural killer cells and natural killer T cells (a group of T cells sharing properties of both natural killer cells and T cells), TLR4-receptors. Polymuramyl as a part of complex treatment promotes anti-infectiou s protection affecting both local and innate immunity in chronic infectious inflammatory disorders (i.e., abscess, phlegmon, furuncle, paraproctitis etc.) in patients with secondary immunodeficiency and genetically determined immunodeficiency disorders (aglobulinemia, hypoglobulinemia). Polymuramyl is a novel therapeutic modality to correct immunodeficiency disorders.
Keywords: muramyl peptides, mucosal component, innate immunity, immunomodulation, purulent infections of soft tissues, perianal fistulas.
For citation: Markova T.P., Chuvirov D.G., Yarilina L.G., Kozhinova E.V. Muramyl peptides: mechanisms of action, clinical efficacy, and future applications in medicine. Russian Medical Review. 2020;4(1):31–37. DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2020-4-1-31–37.
About the authors:
Tat’yna P. Markova — MD, PhD, Professor, Head of the Department of Immunopathology and Immunodiagnostics, ORCID iD 0000-0002-1330-1035;
Denis G. Chuvirov — MD, PhD, Associate Professor of the Department of Immunopathology and Immunodiagnostics, ORCID iD 0000-0002-6109-1669;
Larisa G. Yarilina — MD, PhD, Associate Professor of the Department of Immunopathology and Immunodiagnostics, ORCID iD 0000-0002-0531-2682;
Elena V. Kozhinova — MD, Senior Teacher of the Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, ORCID iD 0000-0001-8106-5831.
Academy of Postgraduate Education of the Federal Scientific and Clinical Center of the Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russian Federation. 91, Volokolamskoe road, Moscow, 125371, Russian Federation.
Contact information: Tat’yna P. Markova, e-mail: logot12@list.ru. Financial Disclosure: no authors have a financial or property interest in any material or method mentioned. There is no conflict of interests. Received 16.02.2020.
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