Tumor necrosis factor α and its role in pathologies
DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2022-6-9-523-527
I.V. Tereshchenko1, P.E. Kayushev2
1Medical Center Professorial Clinic, Perm, Russian Federation
2Medical Center "Beauty and Health Philosophy", Perm, Russian Federation
Over the past years, the views on the role played by tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in the body have changed. The aim of this review is to provide updates on TNF-α functions in various pathological conditions. While working on the review, the authors made search and analysis of full-text reviews and original articles in foreign (English) and Russian languages using such databases as eLIBRARY.RU, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scopus and PubMed, mostly from 2018–2022. A priority was given to the original publications. TNF-α is a multifunctional pro-inflammatory cytokine which stimulates the production of other cytokines, chemokines, and interferon γ. Also, it is involved in the inflammatory processes during viral, bacterial, and autoimmune diseases. Its hypersecretion affects lipid, fat, and carbohydrate metabolism; promotes atherogenesis; leads to the development of arterial hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; contributes to osteolysis; induces apoptosis of tumor cells in some types of cancer and stimulates metastatic spread and progression in other types. So far, the use of TNF-α inhibitors and the suppression of expression of TNF-α and its receptors has caused disappointment: approx. in 40–50% of cases the inhibition aggravated pathological conditions. The investigation of the cytokine activity is still going on.
Keywords: TNF-α, cytokines, inflammation, atherosclerosis, oncogenesis, obesity, diabetes mellitus, adipokines.
For citation: Tereshchenko I.V., Kayushev P.E. Tumor necrosis factor α and its role in pathologies. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2022;6(9):523–527 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2022-6-9-523-527.
About the authors:
Irina V. Tereshchenko — Dr. Sc. (Med.), Professor, endocrinologist, Medical Center Professorial Clinic; 15a, Druzhby av., Perm, 614000, Russian Federation; ORCID iD 0000-0002-0390-3649.
Petr E. Kayushev — C. Sc. (Med.), endoscopic surgeon, Medical Center "Beauty and Health Philosophy"; 64, KIM str., Perm, 614000, Russian Federation; ORCID iD 0000-0002-6810-2930.
Contact information: Irina V. Tereshchenko, e-mail: i_v_t@bk.ru.
Financial Disclosure: no authors have a financial or property interest in any material or method mentioned.
There is no conflict of interests.
Received 27.06.2022.
Revised 20.07.2022.
Accepted 12.08.2022.
References
1. Тополянская С.В. Фактор некроза опухоли альфа и возрастассоциированная патология. Архив внутренней медицины. 2020;10(6):414–421. DOI: 10.20514/2226-6704-2020-10-6-414-421. [Topolyanskaya S.V. Tumor necrosis factor alpha and age-associated pathology. Archive of Internal Medicine. 2020;10(6):414–421 (in Russ.)]. DOI: 10.20514/2226-6704-2020-10-6-414-421.
2. Akhmaltdinova L., Sirota V., Zhumaliyeva V. et al. Inflammatory Serum Biomarkers in Colorectal Cancer in Kazakhstan Population. Int J Inflam. 2020;2020:9476326. DOI: 10.1155/2020/9476326.
3. DeBerge M.P., Ely K.H., Enelow R.I. Soluble, but not transmembrane, TNF-α is required during influenza Infection to Limit the Magnitude of immune Responses and the Extent of Immunopathology. J Immunol. 2014;92(12):5839–5851. DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1302729.
4. Szretter K.J., Gangappa S., Lu X. et al. Role of Host Cytokine Responses in the Pathogenesis of avian H5N1 Influenza Viruses in Mice. J Virol. 2007;81(6):2736–2744. DOI: 10.1128/JVI.02336-06.
5. Алексеева Е.И., Тепаев Р.Ф., Шилькрот И.Ю. и др. COVID-19-ассоциированный вторичный гемофагоцитарный лимфогистиоцитоз (синдром «цитокинового шторма»). Вестник Российской академии медицинских наук. 2021;76(1):51–66. DOI: 10.15690/vramn1410. [Alekseeva E.I., Tepaev R.F., Shilkrot I.Y. et al. COVID-19-associated secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (cytokine storm syndrome). Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences. 2021;76(1):51–66 (in Russ.)]. DOI: 10.15690/vramn1410.
6. Chen X.-Y., Yan B.-X., Man X.-Y. TNFα Inhibitor may be effective for severe COVID-19: learning from toxic epidermal Necrolysis. Ther Adv Respir Dis. 2020;14:1753466620926800. DOI: 10.1177/1753466620926800.
7. Qin C., Zhou L., Hu Z. et al. Dysregulation of immune response in patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China. Clin Infect Dis. 2020;71:762–768. DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa248.
8. Fara A., Mitrev Z., Rosalia R.A. et al. Cytokine Storm and COVID-19: a Chronicle of proinflammatory Cytokines. Open Biol. 2020;10(9):200160. DOI: 10.1098/rsob.200160.
9. Hakim M.S., Ding S., Chen S. et al. TNF-α exerts potent anti-rotavirus Effects via the Activation of classical NF-κB Pathway. Virus Res. 2018;253:28–37. DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2018.05.022.
10. Woziwodzka A., Rybicka M., Sznarkowska A. et al. TNF‐α polymorphisms affect persistence and progression of HBV infection. Mol Genet Genomic Med. 2019;7(10):e00935. DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.935.
11. Laidlaw S.M., Marukian S., Gilmore R.H. et al. Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibits Spread of Hepatitis C Virus Among Liver Cells, Independent from Interferons. Gastroenterology. 2017;153(2):566–578.e5. DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2017.04.021.
12. Vilela M.C., Lima G.K., Rodrigues D.H. et al. TNFR1 plays a critical Role in the Control of severe HSV-1 Encephalitis. Neurosci Lett. 2010;479(1):58–62. DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2010.05.028.
13. Зинина Е.П., Царенко С.В., Логунов Д.Ю. и др. Роль провоспалительных и противовоспалительных цитокинов при бактериальной пневмонии. Обзор литературы. Вестник интенсивной терапии им. А.И. Салтанова. 2021;1:77–89. DOI: 10.21320/1818-474X-2021-1-77-89. [Zinina E.P., Tsarenko S.V., Logunov D.Y. et al. The role of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in bacterial pneumonia. Review. Annals of Critical Care. 2021;1:77–89 (in Russ.)]. DOI: 10.21320/1818-474X-2021-1-77-89.
14. Mirzaei A., Mahmoudi H. Evaluation of TNF-α cytokine production in patients with tuberculosis compared to healthy people. GMS Hyg Infect Control. 2018;13:Doc09. DOI: 10.3205/dgkh000315.
15. Surbatovic M., Raffay V., Jevdjic J. и др. Роль фактора некроза опухоли альфа в прогнозировании тяжести и исхода сепсиса у пациентов неотложного отделения с системным воспалением. Общая реаниматология. 2008;4(5):14. DOI: 10.15360/1813-9779-2008-5-14. [Surbatovic M., Raffay V., Jevdjic J. et al. Tumor Necrosis Factor-a In Emergency Department Patients with Systemic Inflammation as a Predictor of Severity and Outcome of Sepsis. General Reanimatology. 2008;4(5):14 (in Russ.)]. DOI: 10.15360/1813-9779-2008-5-14.
16. Li P., Zheng Y., Chen X. Drugs for Autoimmune Inflammatory Diseases: From Small Molecule Compounds to Anti-TNF Biologics. Front Pharmacol. 2017;8:460. DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00460.
17. Qu Y., Wang X., Bai S. et al. The effects of TNF-α/TNFR2 in regulatory T cells on the Microenvironment and Progression of Gastric Cancer. Int J Cancer. 2022;150(8):1373–1391. DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33873.
18. Suganuma M., Watanabe T., Sueoka E. et al. Role of TNF-α-Inducing Protein Secreted by Helicobacter pylori as a Tumor Promoter in Gastric Cancer and Emerging Preventive Strategies. Toxins. 2021;13(3):181. DOI: 10.3390/toxins13030181.
19. Yamamoto T., Kita M., Ohno T. et al. Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha and Interferon-gamma in Helicobacter pylori Infection. Microbiol Immunol. 2004;48(9):647–654. DOI: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.2004.tb03474.x.
20. Hosono K., Yamada E., Endo H. et al. Increased Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor 1 expression in human colorectal adenomas. World J Gastroenterol. 2012;18(38):5360–5368. DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v18.138.5360.
21. Ciebiera M., Włodarczyk M., Zgliczyńska M. et al. The Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in the Biology of Uterine Fibroids and the Related Symptoms. Int J Mol Sci. 2018;19(12):3869. DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123869.
22. Wang W., Wu J., Mukherjee A. et al. Lysophosphatidic Acid induces Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha to Regulate a proinflammatory Cytokine Network in Ovarian Cancer. FASEB J. 2020;34(10):13935–13948. DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001136R.
23. Gupta M., Babic A., Beck A.H. et al. TNF-α expression, risk factors, and inflammatory exposures in ovarian cancer: evidence for an inflammatory pathway of ovarian carcinogenesis? Hum Pathol. 2016;54:82–91. DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2016.03.006.
24. Wieser V., Azim S.A., Sprung S. et al. TNF-α signaling predicts poor prognosis of patients with endometrial cancer. Carcinogenesis. 2020;41(8):1065–1073. DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgaa034.
25. Cruceriu D., Baldasici O., Balacescu O. et al. The dual role of Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) in breast cancer: molecular Insights and therapeutic approaches. Cell Oncol (Dordr). 2020;43(1):1–18. DOI: 10.1007/s13402-019-00489-1.
26. Laha D., Grant R., Mishra P. et al. The Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor in Manipulating the immunological Response of Tumor Microenvironment. Front Immunol. 2021;,12:656908. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.656908.
27. Niture S., Dong X., Arthur E. et al. Oncogenic Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor α-Induced Protein 8 (TNFAIP8). Cells. 2018;8(1):9. DOI: 10.3390/cells8010009.
28. Mercogliano M.F., Bruni S., Mauro F. et al. Harnessing Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha to Achieve Effective Cancer Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel). 2021;13(3):564. DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030564.
29. Josephs S.F., Ichim T.E., Prince S.M. et al. Unleashing endogenous TNF-alpha as a Cancer Immunotherapeutic. J Transl Med. 2018;16:242. DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1611-7.
30. Xu Y.L., Liu X.Y., Cheng S.B. et al. Genipoise enhances Macrophage Autophagy through Downregulation of TREM2 in Atherosclerosis. Am J Chin Med. 2020;48(8):1821–1840. DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x20500913.
31. Lamb F.S., Choi H., Miller M.R. et al. TNFα and Reactive Oxygen Signaling in Vascular. Smooth Muscle Cells in Hypertension and Atherosclerosis. Am. J. Hypertens. 2020; 33(10):902–913. DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpaa089.
32. Климчук А.В., Белоглазов В.А., Заяева А.А. и др. Атеросклероз: иммунологические аспекты патогенеза, роль воспаления, терапевтические стратегии, перспективы применения нанотехнологий. Таврический медикобиолог. вестник. 2021;24(3):77–89. DOI: 10.37279/2070-8092-2021-24-3-77-89. [Klimchuk A.V., Beloglazov V.A., Zayaeva A.A. et al. Atherosclerosis: immunological aspects of pathogenesis, the role of inflammation, therapeutic strategies, prospects for the use of nanotechnology. Tavricheskiy Mediko-Biologicheskiy. Vestnik. 2021;24(3):77–89 (in Russ.)]. DOI: 10.37279/2070-8092-2021-24-3-77-89.
33. Rolski F., Błyszczuk P. Complexity of TNF-α Signaling in Heart Disease. J Clin Med. 2020;9(10):3267. DOI: 10.3390/jcm9103267.
34. Farahi L., Sinha S.K., Lusis A.J. Roles of Macrophages in Atherogenesis. Front Pharmacol. 2021;12:785220. DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.785220.
35. Zuo S., Li L., Ruan Y. et al. Acute Administration of Tumour Necrosis Factor-α induces spontaneous Calcium Release via the reactive Oxygen Species Pathway in Atrial Myocytes. Europace. 2018;20(8):1367–1374. DOI: 10.1093/europace/eux271.
36. Knowles L., Nadeem N., Chowienczyk P.J. Do anti‐Tumour Necrosis factor‐α biologics Affect subclinical Measures of Atherosclerosis and Arteriosclerosis? A systematic review. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2020;86(5):837–851. DOI: 10.1111/bcp.14215.
37. Ковалева Ю.В. Гормоны жировой ткани и их роль в формировании гормонального статуса и патогенезе метаболических нарушений у женщин. Артериальная гипертензия. 2015;21(4):356–370. DOI: 10.18705/1607-419X-2015-21-4-356-370. [Kovalyova Yu.V. Adipose tissue hormones and their role for female fertility and metabolic disorders. Arterial Hypertension. 2015;21(4):356–370 (in Russ.)]. DOI: 10.18705/1607-419X-2015-21-4-356-370.
38. Akash M.S.H., Rehman K., Liaqat A. Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha: Role in Development of Insulin Resistance and Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Cell Biochem. 2018;119(1):105–110. DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26174.
39. Tsalamandris S., Antonopoulos A.S., Oikonomou E. et al. The Role of Inflammation in Diabetes: Current Concepts and Future Perspectives. Eur Cardiol. 2019;14(1):50–59. DOI: 10.15420/ecr.2018.33.1.
40. Zatterale F., Longo M., Naderi J. et al. Chronic Adipose Tissue Inflammation Linking Obe-sity to Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes. Front Physiol. 2020;10:1607. DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01607.
41. Aladhami A.K., Unger C.A., Ennis S.L. et al. Macrophage Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Deletion does not protect against Obesity-associated metabolic Dysfunction. FASEB J. 2021;35(7):e21665. DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100543RR.
42. Omran F., Christian M. Inflammatory Signaling and Brown Fat Activity. Front Endocrinol. 2020;11:156. DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00156.
43. Sethi J.K., Hotamisligil G.S. Metabolic Messengers: Tumor Necrosis Factor. Nat Metab. 2021;3(10):1302–1312. DOI: 10.1038/s42255-021-00470-z.
44. Alzamil H. Elevated Serum TNF-α Is Related to Obesity in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Is Associated with Glycemic Control and Insulin Resistance. J Obes. 2020;2020:5076858. DOI: 10.1155/2020/5076858.
45. Tzanavari T., Giannogonas P., Karalis K.P. TNF-alpha and Obesity. Curr Dir Autoimmun. 2010;11:145–156. DOI: 10.1159/000289203.
46. Lu J., Zhao J., Meng H. et al. Adipose Tissue-Resident Immune Cells in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes. Front Immunol. 2019;10:1173. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01173.
47. Patsalos O., Dalton B., Leppanen J. et al. Impact of TNF-α Inhibitors on Body Weight and BMI: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Pharmacol. 2020;11:481. DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00481.
48. Yang Y.M., Seki E. TNF-α in Liver Fibrosis. Curr Pathobiol Rep. 2015;(4):253–261. DOI: 10.1007/s40139-015-0093-z.
49. Ruhi K., Saif Q., Haque S.F. et al. TNF-α is an Inflammatory Marker of Cardiovascular Risks in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. J Clin Diagn Res. 2011;5(6):1237–1240. DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2011/.1621.
50. Yao Z., Stephen J. Getting J. et al. Regulation of TNF-Induced Osteoclast Differentiation. Cells. 2022;11(1):132. DOI: 10.3390/cells11010132.
2. Akhmaltdinova L., Sirota V., Zhumaliyeva V. et al. Inflammatory Serum Biomarkers in Colorectal Cancer in Kazakhstan Population. Int J Inflam. 2020;2020:9476326. DOI: 10.1155/2020/9476326.
3. DeBerge M.P., Ely K.H., Enelow R.I. Soluble, but not transmembrane, TNF-α is required during influenza Infection to Limit the Magnitude of immune Responses and the Extent of Immunopathology. J Immunol. 2014;92(12):5839–5851. DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1302729.
4. Szretter K.J., Gangappa S., Lu X. et al. Role of Host Cytokine Responses in the Pathogenesis of avian H5N1 Influenza Viruses in Mice. J Virol. 2007;81(6):2736–2744. DOI: 10.1128/JVI.02336-06.
5. Алексеева Е.И., Тепаев Р.Ф., Шилькрот И.Ю. и др. COVID-19-ассоциированный вторичный гемофагоцитарный лимфогистиоцитоз (синдром «цитокинового шторма»). Вестник Российской академии медицинских наук. 2021;76(1):51–66. DOI: 10.15690/vramn1410. [Alekseeva E.I., Tepaev R.F., Shilkrot I.Y. et al. COVID-19-associated secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (cytokine storm syndrome). Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences. 2021;76(1):51–66 (in Russ.)]. DOI: 10.15690/vramn1410.
6. Chen X.-Y., Yan B.-X., Man X.-Y. TNFα Inhibitor may be effective for severe COVID-19: learning from toxic epidermal Necrolysis. Ther Adv Respir Dis. 2020;14:1753466620926800. DOI: 10.1177/1753466620926800.
7. Qin C., Zhou L., Hu Z. et al. Dysregulation of immune response in patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China. Clin Infect Dis. 2020;71:762–768. DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa248.
8. Fara A., Mitrev Z., Rosalia R.A. et al. Cytokine Storm and COVID-19: a Chronicle of proinflammatory Cytokines. Open Biol. 2020;10(9):200160. DOI: 10.1098/rsob.200160.
9. Hakim M.S., Ding S., Chen S. et al. TNF-α exerts potent anti-rotavirus Effects via the Activation of classical NF-κB Pathway. Virus Res. 2018;253:28–37. DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2018.05.022.
10. Woziwodzka A., Rybicka M., Sznarkowska A. et al. TNF‐α polymorphisms affect persistence and progression of HBV infection. Mol Genet Genomic Med. 2019;7(10):e00935. DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.935.
11. Laidlaw S.M., Marukian S., Gilmore R.H. et al. Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibits Spread of Hepatitis C Virus Among Liver Cells, Independent from Interferons. Gastroenterology. 2017;153(2):566–578.e5. DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2017.04.021.
12. Vilela M.C., Lima G.K., Rodrigues D.H. et al. TNFR1 plays a critical Role in the Control of severe HSV-1 Encephalitis. Neurosci Lett. 2010;479(1):58–62. DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2010.05.028.
13. Зинина Е.П., Царенко С.В., Логунов Д.Ю. и др. Роль провоспалительных и противовоспалительных цитокинов при бактериальной пневмонии. Обзор литературы. Вестник интенсивной терапии им. А.И. Салтанова. 2021;1:77–89. DOI: 10.21320/1818-474X-2021-1-77-89. [Zinina E.P., Tsarenko S.V., Logunov D.Y. et al. The role of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in bacterial pneumonia. Review. Annals of Critical Care. 2021;1:77–89 (in Russ.)]. DOI: 10.21320/1818-474X-2021-1-77-89.
14. Mirzaei A., Mahmoudi H. Evaluation of TNF-α cytokine production in patients with tuberculosis compared to healthy people. GMS Hyg Infect Control. 2018;13:Doc09. DOI: 10.3205/dgkh000315.
15. Surbatovic M., Raffay V., Jevdjic J. и др. Роль фактора некроза опухоли альфа в прогнозировании тяжести и исхода сепсиса у пациентов неотложного отделения с системным воспалением. Общая реаниматология. 2008;4(5):14. DOI: 10.15360/1813-9779-2008-5-14. [Surbatovic M., Raffay V., Jevdjic J. et al. Tumor Necrosis Factor-a In Emergency Department Patients with Systemic Inflammation as a Predictor of Severity and Outcome of Sepsis. General Reanimatology. 2008;4(5):14 (in Russ.)]. DOI: 10.15360/1813-9779-2008-5-14.
16. Li P., Zheng Y., Chen X. Drugs for Autoimmune Inflammatory Diseases: From Small Molecule Compounds to Anti-TNF Biologics. Front Pharmacol. 2017;8:460. DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00460.
17. Qu Y., Wang X., Bai S. et al. The effects of TNF-α/TNFR2 in regulatory T cells on the Microenvironment and Progression of Gastric Cancer. Int J Cancer. 2022;150(8):1373–1391. DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33873.
18. Suganuma M., Watanabe T., Sueoka E. et al. Role of TNF-α-Inducing Protein Secreted by Helicobacter pylori as a Tumor Promoter in Gastric Cancer and Emerging Preventive Strategies. Toxins. 2021;13(3):181. DOI: 10.3390/toxins13030181.
19. Yamamoto T., Kita M., Ohno T. et al. Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha and Interferon-gamma in Helicobacter pylori Infection. Microbiol Immunol. 2004;48(9):647–654. DOI: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.2004.tb03474.x.
20. Hosono K., Yamada E., Endo H. et al. Increased Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor 1 expression in human colorectal adenomas. World J Gastroenterol. 2012;18(38):5360–5368. DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v18.138.5360.
21. Ciebiera M., Włodarczyk M., Zgliczyńska M. et al. The Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in the Biology of Uterine Fibroids and the Related Symptoms. Int J Mol Sci. 2018;19(12):3869. DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123869.
22. Wang W., Wu J., Mukherjee A. et al. Lysophosphatidic Acid induces Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha to Regulate a proinflammatory Cytokine Network in Ovarian Cancer. FASEB J. 2020;34(10):13935–13948. DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001136R.
23. Gupta M., Babic A., Beck A.H. et al. TNF-α expression, risk factors, and inflammatory exposures in ovarian cancer: evidence for an inflammatory pathway of ovarian carcinogenesis? Hum Pathol. 2016;54:82–91. DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2016.03.006.
24. Wieser V., Azim S.A., Sprung S. et al. TNF-α signaling predicts poor prognosis of patients with endometrial cancer. Carcinogenesis. 2020;41(8):1065–1073. DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgaa034.
25. Cruceriu D., Baldasici O., Balacescu O. et al. The dual role of Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) in breast cancer: molecular Insights and therapeutic approaches. Cell Oncol (Dordr). 2020;43(1):1–18. DOI: 10.1007/s13402-019-00489-1.
26. Laha D., Grant R., Mishra P. et al. The Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor in Manipulating the immunological Response of Tumor Microenvironment. Front Immunol. 2021;,12:656908. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.656908.
27. Niture S., Dong X., Arthur E. et al. Oncogenic Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor α-Induced Protein 8 (TNFAIP8). Cells. 2018;8(1):9. DOI: 10.3390/cells8010009.
28. Mercogliano M.F., Bruni S., Mauro F. et al. Harnessing Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha to Achieve Effective Cancer Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel). 2021;13(3):564. DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030564.
29. Josephs S.F., Ichim T.E., Prince S.M. et al. Unleashing endogenous TNF-alpha as a Cancer Immunotherapeutic. J Transl Med. 2018;16:242. DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1611-7.
30. Xu Y.L., Liu X.Y., Cheng S.B. et al. Genipoise enhances Macrophage Autophagy through Downregulation of TREM2 in Atherosclerosis. Am J Chin Med. 2020;48(8):1821–1840. DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x20500913.
31. Lamb F.S., Choi H., Miller M.R. et al. TNFα and Reactive Oxygen Signaling in Vascular. Smooth Muscle Cells in Hypertension and Atherosclerosis. Am. J. Hypertens. 2020; 33(10):902–913. DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpaa089.
32. Климчук А.В., Белоглазов В.А., Заяева А.А. и др. Атеросклероз: иммунологические аспекты патогенеза, роль воспаления, терапевтические стратегии, перспективы применения нанотехнологий. Таврический медикобиолог. вестник. 2021;24(3):77–89. DOI: 10.37279/2070-8092-2021-24-3-77-89. [Klimchuk A.V., Beloglazov V.A., Zayaeva A.A. et al. Atherosclerosis: immunological aspects of pathogenesis, the role of inflammation, therapeutic strategies, prospects for the use of nanotechnology. Tavricheskiy Mediko-Biologicheskiy. Vestnik. 2021;24(3):77–89 (in Russ.)]. DOI: 10.37279/2070-8092-2021-24-3-77-89.
33. Rolski F., Błyszczuk P. Complexity of TNF-α Signaling in Heart Disease. J Clin Med. 2020;9(10):3267. DOI: 10.3390/jcm9103267.
34. Farahi L., Sinha S.K., Lusis A.J. Roles of Macrophages in Atherogenesis. Front Pharmacol. 2021;12:785220. DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.785220.
35. Zuo S., Li L., Ruan Y. et al. Acute Administration of Tumour Necrosis Factor-α induces spontaneous Calcium Release via the reactive Oxygen Species Pathway in Atrial Myocytes. Europace. 2018;20(8):1367–1374. DOI: 10.1093/europace/eux271.
36. Knowles L., Nadeem N., Chowienczyk P.J. Do anti‐Tumour Necrosis factor‐α biologics Affect subclinical Measures of Atherosclerosis and Arteriosclerosis? A systematic review. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2020;86(5):837–851. DOI: 10.1111/bcp.14215.
37. Ковалева Ю.В. Гормоны жировой ткани и их роль в формировании гормонального статуса и патогенезе метаболических нарушений у женщин. Артериальная гипертензия. 2015;21(4):356–370. DOI: 10.18705/1607-419X-2015-21-4-356-370. [Kovalyova Yu.V. Adipose tissue hormones and their role for female fertility and metabolic disorders. Arterial Hypertension. 2015;21(4):356–370 (in Russ.)]. DOI: 10.18705/1607-419X-2015-21-4-356-370.
38. Akash M.S.H., Rehman K., Liaqat A. Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha: Role in Development of Insulin Resistance and Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Cell Biochem. 2018;119(1):105–110. DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26174.
39. Tsalamandris S., Antonopoulos A.S., Oikonomou E. et al. The Role of Inflammation in Diabetes: Current Concepts and Future Perspectives. Eur Cardiol. 2019;14(1):50–59. DOI: 10.15420/ecr.2018.33.1.
40. Zatterale F., Longo M., Naderi J. et al. Chronic Adipose Tissue Inflammation Linking Obe-sity to Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes. Front Physiol. 2020;10:1607. DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01607.
41. Aladhami A.K., Unger C.A., Ennis S.L. et al. Macrophage Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Deletion does not protect against Obesity-associated metabolic Dysfunction. FASEB J. 2021;35(7):e21665. DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100543RR.
42. Omran F., Christian M. Inflammatory Signaling and Brown Fat Activity. Front Endocrinol. 2020;11:156. DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00156.
43. Sethi J.K., Hotamisligil G.S. Metabolic Messengers: Tumor Necrosis Factor. Nat Metab. 2021;3(10):1302–1312. DOI: 10.1038/s42255-021-00470-z.
44. Alzamil H. Elevated Serum TNF-α Is Related to Obesity in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Is Associated with Glycemic Control and Insulin Resistance. J Obes. 2020;2020:5076858. DOI: 10.1155/2020/5076858.
45. Tzanavari T., Giannogonas P., Karalis K.P. TNF-alpha and Obesity. Curr Dir Autoimmun. 2010;11:145–156. DOI: 10.1159/000289203.
46. Lu J., Zhao J., Meng H. et al. Adipose Tissue-Resident Immune Cells in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes. Front Immunol. 2019;10:1173. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01173.
47. Patsalos O., Dalton B., Leppanen J. et al. Impact of TNF-α Inhibitors on Body Weight and BMI: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Pharmacol. 2020;11:481. DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00481.
48. Yang Y.M., Seki E. TNF-α in Liver Fibrosis. Curr Pathobiol Rep. 2015;(4):253–261. DOI: 10.1007/s40139-015-0093-z.
49. Ruhi K., Saif Q., Haque S.F. et al. TNF-α is an Inflammatory Marker of Cardiovascular Risks in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. J Clin Diagn Res. 2011;5(6):1237–1240. DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2011/.1621.
50. Yao Z., Stephen J. Getting J. et al. Regulation of TNF-Induced Osteoclast Differentiation. Cells. 2022;11(1):132. DOI: 10.3390/cells11010132.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons «Attribution» 4.0 License.
Previous article
Next article
