Cough in children: the current approach to rational pharmacotherapy
DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2022-6-11-650-655
S.V. Nikolaeva1, E.V. Kanner1, I.D. Kanner2, M.L. Maksimov3–5, O.O. Pogorelova1, E.K. Shushakova1, Yu.N. Khlypovka1
1Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of the Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Moscow, Russian Federation
2Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
3Kazan State Medical Academy — Branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Kazan, Russian Federation
4Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
5Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation
Cough in children is one of the most common symptoms both in outpatient and hospital practices. It is the main reason why parents of these patients (especially of younger kids) seek for medical care. The article highlights the current view on the cough in pediatric practice. It elucidates cough classification, etiology, and therapy in children. The authors describe characteristics of the respiratory epithelium, a multicellular layer, that extends from the nasopharynx to the small airways and acts as a respiratory barrier coordinating immune response in the early childhood, undergoing the process of development, maturation, and regeneration to adapt to the changing environment. The article presents findings of the clinical studies assessing the medications of choice that were used for the treatment of coughs in children. The selection of right drugs should be based on individual patient’s needs and depend on the extent of cough impact on the patient condition. A lso, it is necessary to consider whether the cough is intense, productive, for how long it lasts and to analyse bronchial mucus characteristics.
Keywords: cough, children, respiratory epithelium, immune response, immunity, antitussives, butamirate.
For citation: Nikolaeva S.V., Kanner E.V., Kanner I.D. et al. Cough in children: the current approach to rational pharmacotherapy. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2022;6(11):630–655 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2022-6-11-630-655.
About the authors:
Svetlana V. Nikolaeva — Dr. Sc. (Med.), leading researcher of the Clinical Department of Infectious Diseases, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of the Russian Federal
Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being; 3A, Novogireevskaya str., Moscow, 111123, Russian Federation; ORCID iD 0000-0003-3880-8112.
Ekaterina V. Kanner — Dr. Sc. (Med.), senior researcher of the Clinical Department of Infectious Diseases, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of the Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being; 3A, Novogireevskaya str., Moscow, 111123, Russian Federation; ORCID iD 0000-0003-3204-1846.
Il’ya D. Kanner — 5th-grade student, Lomonosov Moscow State University; 1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation; ORCID iD 0000-0003-4632-0547.
Maksim L. Maksimov — Dr. Sc. (Med.), Chief outsource specialist — clinical pharmacologist of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan, Head of the Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Kazan State Medical Academy — Branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education; 36, Butlerov str., Kazan, 420012, Russian Federation; Dean of the Faculty of Preventive Medicine and Healthcare Organization, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, 2/1, Barrikadnaya str., Moscow, 125993, Russian Federation; Professor of the Department of Pharmacology of the Pediatric Faculty, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; 1, Ostrovityanov str., Moscow, 117437, Russian Federation; ORCID iD 0000-0002-8979-8084.
Olga O. Pogorelova — C. Sc. (Med.), researcher of the Clinical Department of Infectious Diseases, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of the Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being; 3A, Novogireevskaya str., Moscow, 111123, Russian Federation; ORCID iD 0000-0002-3346-1132.
Ekaterina K. Shushakova — junior researcher of the Clinical Department of Infectious Diseases, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of the Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being; 3A, Novogireevskaya str., Moscow, 111123, Russian Federation; ORCID iD 0000-0003-2619-9110.
Yulia N. Khlypovka — C. Sc. (Med.), researcher of the Clinical Department of Infectious Diseases, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of the Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being; 3A, Novogireevskaya str., Moscow, 111123, Russian Federation; ORCID iD 0000-0003-4821-676X.
Contact information: Ekaterina V. Kanner, e-mail: ekanner@mail.ru.
Financial Disclosure: no authors have a financial or property interest in any material or method mentioned.
There is no conflict of interests.
Received 08.09.2022.
Revised 03.10.2022.
Accepted 26.10.2022.
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