Antibiotic-induced changes in the microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract and their correction
Usenko D.V.

Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of The Federal Service on Customers’ Rights Protection and Human Well-being Surveillance, Moscow

The widespread use of antibiotics in the last 80 years has saved millions of human lives, but it has caused another important problem — antibiotic-associated violations of human microbiome. In addition to the formation of antibiotic-resistant strains of microorganisms, the use of antibiotics significantly destroys the ecology of the human microbiome. Microbiome with dysbiotic changes can not perform the vital functions, such as digestive, synthetic, as well as providing colonization resistance and regulation of the body’s immune system. This review summarizes current studies of the short-term and long-term effects of antibiotic use, as well as the possibilities of using probiotics for their correction. Probiotics are living microorganisms, mostly the representatives of obligate human microflora, which, when ingested into the gastrointestinal tract of a person in sufficient quantity, retain their activity, vitality and have a positive impact on human health. The most frequent and clinically significant negative effect of antibiotic therapy is antibiotic-associated diarrhea. The article describes the possibilities of preventing the antibiotic-associated diarrhea, which include, along with the rational antibiotic therapy, the use of eubiotics — pre- and probiotics.

Key words: antibiotics, probiotics, children, lactobacillus GG, microbiome, gastrointestinal tract, microbiota.
For citation: Usenko D.V. Antibiotic-induced changes in the microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract and their correction // 
RMJ. 2018. № 2(II). P. 96–99.