Computer vision syndrome and intraocular pressure (literature review)
DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2025-25-4-8
O.I. Orenburkina1,2, R.R. Akhmadeev1,3, I.V. Vorob'yova2, A.E. Babushkin1,4, I.P. Radaev3
1All-Russian Center for Ocular and Plastic Surgery, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russian Federation
2RUDN University, Moscow, Russian Federation
3Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russian Federation
4Ufa Research Institute of Eye Diseases, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russian Federation
Analysis of scientific publications on ophthalmology, optometry, psychoneurology, physiology of sensory systems, and pathophysiology showed that investigation of cause-effect relationships between computer vision syndrome (CVS) and intraocular pressure (IOP), as well as a role of excessive use of digital screens in glaucoma development is a relevant understudied interdisciplinary medical area. The paper proposes to identify intra- and extraocular factors of IOP disorders associated with excessive uncontrolled use of information technologies and visual display devices (especially, mobile ones). The first group of the factors is associated with a violation of the initially strictly balanced amount of outflowing and inflowing intraocular fluid resulted from biomechanical, hydrodynamic and hemodynamic shifts (mainly due to a prolonged excessive kyphotic position of the body). The second, extraocular, group of the factors involves, first of all, neurophysiological mechanisms ensuring autonomic eye innervation, and, in case of disorders, they develop as a vertebro-ocular pathogenetic link similar to the Bernard-Horner triad. A disorder of these neurophysiological mechanisms associated with excessive uncontrolled use of digital devices may be caused not only by a "gadget neck" phenomenon, but also by such extraocular factors as chronic informational and emotional stress, sleep disorders, migraine, etc. The review article has a particular focus on general neuro-ophthalmological mechanisms of both CVS and IOP disorders.
Keywords: computer vision syndrome, intraocular pressure, glaucoma, digital devices, pathogenesis, autonomic regulation, neuro-ophthalmology.
For citation: Orenburkina O.I., Akhmadeev R.R., Vorob'yova I.V., Babushkin A.E., Radaev I.P. Computer vision syndrome and intraocular pressure (literature review). Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2025;25(4):279–284 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2025-25-4-8
About the authors:
Olga I. Orenburkina — Dr. Sc. (Med.), Director of the Russian Center for Eye and Plastic Surgery, Bashkir State Medical University; 67/1, Sorge str., Ufa, 450075, Russian Federation; Assistant Professor, Department of Eye Diseases, RUDN University; 6, Miklukho-Maklaya str., Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation; ORCID iD 0000-0001-6815-8208
Rustem R. Akhmadeev — Dr. Sc. (Med.), Professor, Neurophysiologist, Professor of the Department of Psychiatry,
Narcology and Psychotherapy, Bashkir State Medical University; 3, Lenin str., Ufa, 450008, Russian Federation; Senior Scientific Officer at the Russian Center for Eye and Plastic Surgery, Bashkir State Medical University; 67/1, Sorge str., Ufa, 450075, Russian Federation; ORCID iD 0000-0002-0212-2162
Irina V. Vorob'yova — Dr. Sc. (Med.), Professor, Professor of the Department of Eye Diseases, RUDN University; 6, Miklukho-Maklaya str., Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation; ORCID iD 0000-0003-2707-8417
Aleksandr E. Babushkin — Dr. Sc. (Med.), Leading Scientific Officer at the Russian Center for Eye and Plastic Surgery, Bashkir State Medical University; 67/1, Sorge str., Ufa, 450075, Russian Federation; Head of the Department of Scientific Researches, Ufa Research Institute of Eye Diseases, Bashkir State Medical University; 90, Pushkin str. / 14, Aurora str., Ufa, 450008, Russian Federation; ORCID iD 0000-0001-6700-0812
Ivan P. Radaev— 2nd year Resident Physician of the Graduate School of Regenerative, Eye and Plastic Surgery, Bashkir State Medical University; 3, Lenin str., Ufa, 450008, Russian Federation; ORCID iD 0009-0007-66720771
Contact information: Rustem R. Akhmadeev, e-mail: ahmadeevr@yandex.ru
Financial Disclosure: no authors have a financial or property interest in any material or method mentioned.
There is no conflict of interest.
Received 20.10.2025.
Revised 27.10.2025.
Accepted 30.10.2025.
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