The rate of eye comorbidities in patients with cataracts (results of a population study)
DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2023-23-3-6
M.M. Bikbov1, O.I. Orenburkina2, T.R. Gilmanshin1, A.E. Babushkin1
1Ufa Research Institute of Eye Diseases of the Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russian Federation
2Russian Center for Eye and Plastic Surgery of Eye Diseases of the Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russian Federation
Aim: to assess the prevalence and characteristics of various types of cataracts and to analyze most common eye comorbidities from the population study "Ural Eye and Medical Study" (UEMS).
Patients and Methods: this population study included 5899 individuals (3400 living in the rural area and 2499 living in the city). Eye examinations included uncorrected and best-corrected visual acuity measurements, autorefractometry, slit lamp examination, A-scan ultrasound biometry, non-contact tonometry, fundoscopic examination, corneal topography, fundus photography, static perimetry, and optical coherence tomography.
Results: cataracts were diagnosed in 2616 patients (44.3%). These patients were more commonly rural residents and women. Nuclear cataracts (n=1575, 60.2%) were detected 1.5 times more often than cortical cataracts (n=1041, 39.8%). Eye comorbidities were diagnosed in 975 patients (37.3%). The most common eye comorbidities were retinal diseases. Among them, age-related macular degeneration (AMD) ranked first (13.46%). Glaucomatous optic neuropathy (GON)/glaucoma) and myopic macular degeneration/myopia were also common (6.77% and 4.93%, respectively). Diabetic retinopathy (DR) was reported less common (2.26%). The rate of eye comorbidities in patients was 43.6% in cortical cataracts and 33.1% in nuclear cataracts. As to individual conditions, the greatest difference was reported for AMD rate (19.12%) and macular hole/MH (1.8%), which were diagnosed twice more often in cortical cataracts (p<0.05) than in nuclear cataracts (9.71% and 0.8%, respectively).
Conclusion: the structure of eye comorbidities in patients with nuclear and cortical cataracts was almost similar to that in patients with cataracts overall. However, the rate of eye comorbidities in patients with cortical cataracts was significantly higher than in patients with nuclear cataracts. This particularly applies to AMD and MH. In general, the rate of AMD, GON, DR, and MH in patients with complicated cataracts increases with age. These diseases were most often diagnosed in women and urban residents, except for AMD (more patients with AMD live in rural areas).
Keywords: cataract, nuclear, cortical, eye comorbidities, population study.
For citation: Bikbov M.M., Orenburkina O.I., Gilmanshin T.R., Babushkin A.E. The rate of eye comorbidities in patients with cataracts (results of a population study). Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2023;23(3):146–151 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2023-23-3-6.
About the authors:
Mukharram M. Bikbov — Dr. Sc. (Med.), Professor, Corresponding Member of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic Bashkortostan, Director, Ufa Research Institute of Eye Diseases of the Bashkir State Medical University; 90, Pushkin str. / 14, Avrora str., Ufa, 450008, Russian Federation; ORCID iD 0000-0002-9476-8883.
Olga I. Orenburkina — C. Sc. (Med.), Director, Russian Center for Eye and Plastic Surgery of the Bashkir State Medical University; 67/1, Zorge str., Ufa, 450075, Russian Federation; ORCID iD 0000-0001-6815-8208.
Timur R. Gilmanshin — C. Sc. (Med.), Head of the Laboratory of Macular Diseases, Ufa Research Institute of Eye Diseases of the Bashkir State Medical University; 90, Pushkin str. / 14, Avrora str., Ufa, 450008, Russian Federation; ORCID iD 0000-0002-3896-2630.
Alexandr E. Babushkin — Dr. Sc. (Med.), Head of the Division of Scientific Researches, Ufa Research Institute of Eye Diseases of the Bashkir State Medical University; 90, Pushkin str. / 14, Avrora str., Ufa, 450008, Russian Federation; ORCID iD 0000-0001-6700-0812.
Contact information: Olga I. Orenburkina, e-mail: linza7@yandex.ru.
Financial Disclosure: no authors have a financial or property interest in any material or method mentioned.
There is no conflict of interest.
Received 15.06.2023.
Revised 06.07.2023.
Accepted 27.07.2023.
2. World Health Organization. World report on vision. 2019. (Electronic resource.) URL: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241516570 (access date: 01.06.2023).
3. Бадимова А.В. Особенности эпидемиологии заболеваемости и инвалидности в связи с болезнями органов зрения в России и за рубежом. Наука молодых (Eruditio Juvenium). 2020;8(2):261–268. DOI: 10.23888/HMJ202082261-268. [Badimova A.V. Features of the epidemiology of morbidity and disability in connection with diseases of the organs of vision in Russia and abroad. Science of the young (Eruditio Juvenium). 2020;8(2):261–268 (in Russ.)]. DOI: 10.23888/HMJ202082261-268.
4. Wong Y.L., Saw S.M. Epidemiology of Pathologic Myopia in Asia and Worldwide. Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila). 2016;5(6):394–402. DOI: 10.1097/APO.0000000000000234.
5. Saldanha I.J., Lindsley K., Do D.V. et al. Comparison of Clinical Trial and Systematic Review Outcomes for the 4 Most Prevalent Eye Diseases. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2017;135(9):933–940. DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2017.2583.
6. Bourne R., Flaxman S., Braithwaite T. et al. Magnitude, temporal trends, and projections of the global prevalence of blindness and distance and near vision impairment: a systematic review and meta–analysis. Lancet Glob Health. 2017;5(9):888–897. DOI: 10.1016/S2214-109X(17)30293-0.
7. Hamano T., Li X., Tanito M. et al. Neighborhood Deprivationand Riskof AgeRelated Eye Diseases: A Follow–up Studyin Sweden. Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2015;22(5):308–320. DOI: 10.3109/09286586.2015.1056537.
8. Либман Е.С., Рязанов Д.П. Инвалидность вследствие нарушения зрения у населения России. В кн.: Федоровские чтения — 2014. Тезисы XII Всероссийской научно-практической конференции с международным участием. Под ред. Малюгина Б.Э. М.: Издательство «Офтальмология»; 2014:163. [Libman Ye.S., Ryazanov D.P. Disability due to visual impairment in the population of Russia. In: Fedorov Readings — 2014. Abstracts of the XII All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference with International Participation. Malyugin B.E., ed. M.: Izdatel'stvo "Oftal'mologiya"; 2014:163 (in Russ.)].
9. Мунц И.В., Диреев А.О., Гусаревич О.Г. и др. Распространенность офтальмологических заболеваний в популяционной выборке старше 50 лет. Вестник офтальмологии. 2020;136(3):106–115. DOI: 10.17116/oftalma2020136031106. [Munts I.V., Direyev A.O., Gusarevich O.G. et al. Prevalence of ophthalmic diseases in the population older than 50 years. The Russian annals of ophthalmology. 2020;136(3):106–115 (in Russ.)]. DOI: 10.17116/oftalma2020136031106.
10. Бранчевский С.Л., Малюгин Б.Э. Распространенность нарушения зрения вследствие катаракты по данным исследования RAAB в Самаре. Офтальмохирургия. 2013;3:82–85. [Branchevskiy S.L., Malyugin B.E. The prevalence of visual impairment due to cataracts according to the RAAB study in Samara. Fyodorov journal of ophthalmic surgery. 2013;3:82–85 (in Russ.)].
11. Fleckenstein M., Keenan T.D.L., Guymer R.H. et al. Age-related macular degeneration. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2021;7(1):31. DOI: 10.1038/s41572-021-00265-2.
12. Bikbov M.M., Kazakbaeva G.M., Zainullin R.M. et al. Prevalence and causes of vision impairment and blindness in the Russian ural eye and medical study. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):12397. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69439-4.
13. GBD 2019 Blindness and Vision Impairment Collaborators; Vision Loss Expert Group of the Global Burden of Disease Study. Trends in prevalence of blindness and distance and near vision impairment over 30 years: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study. Lancet Glob Health. 2021;9(2):e130–e143. DOI: 10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30425-3.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons «Attribution» 4.0 License.
