Regional pain syndromes of soft tissues in the practice of the physician
Shostak N.A., Pravdyuk N.G., Timofeev V.T., Abeldyaev D.V.

Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov, Moscow

Pain syndromes of soft tissues are the most frequent reason for contacting a general practitioner. According to modern ideas, pain syndromes of soft tissues are divided into local, regional and generalized. Regional pain syndromes include myofascial syndrome and complex regional pain syndrome, characterized by severe pain and difficulty in diagnosis. The article presents the main approaches to diagnosis and treatment of myofascial syndrome - a kind of regional soft tissue syndrome in general therapeutic practice. Myofascial syndrome is characterized by muscular dysfunction and the formation of local muscular densities in the affected muscles. There are primary and secondary myofascial syndromes. The primary myofascial syndrome is caused by an overload and/or the muscle damage. Most often, painful changes are experienced in muscles that are predominantly tonic and regulate the statokinetic function: the muscle that lifts the scapula, the trapezius muscle, the square muscle of the waist, the pear-shaped muscle. Secondary myofascial syndrome develops on the background of rheumatic and endocrine diseases, pathology of the spine, in visceral pain syndromes. The article considers the questions of differential diagnosis of myofascial syndrome with fibromyalgia, rheumatic polymyalgia, and modern approaches to the management of patients.

Key words: regional soft tissue syndrome, myofascial syndrome, muscle relaxant, tolperisone
For citation: Shostak N.A., Pravdyuk N.G., Timofeev V.T., Abeldyaev D.V. Regional pain syndromes of soft tissues in the practice of the physician // RMJ. 2017. № 9. P. 648–652.