Epidemiology of primary brain tumors in children using the example of Krasnoyarsk
E.V. Shishkina1, T.N. Bazilevskaya2, I.V. Leonova2, Yu.V. Panfilova2, Yu.M. Savel’ev3, A.V. Blinov3, D.A. Maiseenko1
1Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University
2Krasnoyarsk Inter-regional Children’s Clinical Hospital No. 1
3Berzon Krasnoyarsk Inter-regional Clinical Hospital No. 20
Aim: to study the epidemiology of primary brain tumors in children aged 1–18 years in Krasnoyarsk in 2016–2018 considering WHO statistical data on central nervous system (CNS) neoplasm occurrence in foreign countries.
Patients and Methods: clinical statistical study was performed in the Division of Children’s Neurology of Krasnoyarsk Inter-regional Children’s Clinical Hospital No. 1 and Neurosurgical Division of I.S. Berzon Krasnoyarsk Inter-regional Clinical Hospital No. 20. In 2016–2018, 49 children with brain tumors of various localizations and stages were admitted to these divisions for the primary diagnosis and treatment. There was no correlation of patient admission with the time of year.
Results: our findings demonstrate that most children (n = 29, 59.2%) were aged 3 years to 10 years. General symptom (severe headache that doesn’t respond or poorly respond to NSAIDs) was observed in 29 children (59.2%). The most common focal symptom was cerebellar ataxia (n=23, 47.0%). Delay in seeking medical care or specialist refferal mistakes were observed in 38.7% of cases. As a result, brain tumor diagnosis was late. By the time of the diagnosis, brain tumor was inoperable in 15 children (30.6%).
Conclusions: our findings illustrate the difficulties in the early diagnosis of brain tumors in children. CNS tumors may remain asymptomatic for a long period of time or cause nonspecific signs masquerading as somatic disorders. The onset and progression of neurological signs are the indications for the referral of a child to neurologist and neuroimaging. General CNS tumor awareness of pediatricians will increase the rate of early diagnosis of CNS neoplasms and reduce the rate of unfavorable outcomes.
Keywords: brain tumors in children, classification, epidemiology, neuroimaging, neurosurgery.
For citation: Shishkina E.V., Bazilevskaya T.N., Leonova I.V. et al. Epidemiology of primary brain tumors in children using the example of Krasnoyarsk. RMJ. Medical Review. 2019;11(I):38–40.
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