Infectious mitral valve endocarditis complicated by multiple embolic events (case report)

Infectious mitral valve endocarditis complicated by multiple embolic events (case report)

A.M. Aliyeva¹, E.V. Reznik¹, N.V. Teplova¹, V.V. Petrii², N.A. Gultyaeva², O.A. Drogaitseva², A.S. Tikhomirova¹, V.Yu. Gurko¹, I.G. Nikitin¹ 

¹Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation

²National Medical Research Center "Treatment Rehabilitation Center", Moscow, Russian Federation 

Infectious endocarditis (IE) is a severe inflammatory disease of the endocardium with predominant damage to the heart valves, occurring with systemic inflammation, progressive heart failure, thrombotic, hemorrhagic and immune-complex mediated extracardiac manifestations. IE can be suspected by a doctor in different clinical cases: this disease can manifest itself both as an acute, rapidly progressing infection, and as a subacute with subfebrile fever and nonspecific symptoms that can mislead or complicate the diagnosis establishment. Among the main causes of the IE adverse outcome are: severe valvular dysfunction, thromboembolic complications, sepsis and multiple organ failure. Timely diagnosis and early initiation of complex therapy are crucial for the successful IE treatment. The authors present a clinical case of mitral valve IE complicated by multiple embolic events in a 44-year-old female patient. The IE onset was shown with the manifestation of neurological symptoms, which, in turn, complicated the disease diagnosis. Analyzing diagnostic difficulties and patient management, the authors concluded that IE should be considered as an interdisciplinary problem that requires awareness and improvement of differential diagnostic search from doctors of various specialties.

Keywords: case study, infectious endocarditis, bacterial endocarditis, streptococcal infection, mitral valve, embolic complications, differential diagnosis.

For citation: Aliyeva A.M., Reznik E.V., Teplova N.V., Petrii V.V., Gultyaeva N.A., Drogaitseva O.A., Tikhomirova A.S., Gurko V.Yu., Nikitin I.G. Infectious mitral valve endocarditis complicated by multiple embolic events (case report). RMJ. 2024;3:7–11.