Co-infections: clinical and epidemiological parallels in the post-pandemic period (literature review)
DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2024-8-11-7
A.I. Safina1, E.N. Vyzhlova2, D.S. Shamsheva3, A.N. Shuvalov2, V.V. Malinovskaya2
1Kazan State Medical Academy — Branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Kazan, Russian Federation
2N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow, Russian Federation
3DIAVAKS LLC, Moscow, Russian Federation
The global epidemiological landscape, characterized by the superimposition of influenza with other viral pathogens and active substances, can be described using terms such as "tripledemic" or "multidemia.» This article explores the clinical and epidemiological facets of tripledemic, a mixed infection caused by various viral agents, including SARS-CoV-2, influenza A viruses, respiratory syncytial (RS) viruses, and rhinoviruses, among others. A particular focus is given to the taxonomy of these viral pathogens and their prevalence within populations. Evidence suggests that certain respiratory viruses responsible for mixed infections can generate hybrid particles by combining the genomes of distinct viruses, thereby enhancing their pathogenic potential. The capacity of these viruses to suppress endogenous interferon synthesis highlights the need for recombinant interferon formulations as a cornerstone of antiviral therapy and prophylaxis. The deployment of recombinant interferon is particularly crucial for treating at-risk populations with compromised or diminished interferon production. Administering high doses of interferon-based medications is etiopathogenetically rationalized in these scenarios.
Keywords: tripledemic, influenza, ARVI, COVID-19, interferon-alpha-2b, antioxidant.
For citation: Safina A.I., Vyzhlova E.N., Shamsheva D.S., Shuvalov A.N., Malinovskaya V.V. Co-infections: clinical and epidemiological parallels in the post-pandemic period (literature review). Russian Medical Inquiry. 2024;8(11):645–653 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2024-8-11-7About the authors:
Asiya I. Safina — Dr. Sc. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology named after E.M. Lepsky, Kazan State Medical Academy — Branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education; 36, Butlerova str., Kazan, 420012, Russian Federation; ORCID iD 0000-0002-3261-1143
Evgeniya N. Vyzhlova — C. Sc. (Bio.), Researcher at the Laboratory of Ontogenesis and Correction of the Interferon System, N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology; 18, Gamalei str., Moscow, 123098, Russian Federation; ORCID iD 0000-0003-3054-8694
Darya S. Shamsheva — C. Sc. (Med.), general practitioner of DIAVAKS LLC; 6, Khovanskaya str., Moscow, 129515, Russian Federation.
Alexander N. Shuvalov — C. Sc. (Med.), Researcher at the Laboratory of Ontogenesis and Correction of the Interferon System, N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology; 18, Gamalei str., Moscow, 123098, Russian Federation; ORCID iD 0000-0003-0972-9001
Valentina V. Malinovskaya — Dr. Sc. (Bio.), Professor, Chief Researcher at the Laboratory of Ontogenesis and Correction of the Interferon System, N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology; 18, Gamalei str., Moscow, 123098, Russian Federation; ORCID iD 0000-0003-1856-8924
Contact information: Darya S. Shamsheva, e-mail: d.shamsheva@mail.ru
Financial Disclosure: no authors have a financial or property interest in any material or method mentioned.
There is no conflict of interest.
Received 08.08.2024.
Revised 02.09.2024.
Accepted 25.09.2024.
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