Lactobacillus paracasei: probiotic properties and clinical efficacy
DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2024-8-5-4
V.P. Novikova, K.A. Kravtsova
St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Probiotics have been demonstrated to exert beneficial effects on the host organism when administered at specific doses. These effects include the inhibition of the growth of intestinal pathogens, the stimulation of the growth of beneficial microorganisms, the reduction of serum cholesterol levels, and antioxidant activity. A number of studies have demonstrated the therapeutic efficacy of a lactic acid bacterium identified as Lactobacillus paracasei in a range of conditions, including irritable bowel syndrome, diverticular disease, H. pylori infection, obesity, necrotizing enterocolitis, chronic endometritis, acute intestinal infections, chronic bacterial prostatitis, and diarrhea. L. paracasei also exerts a beneficial effect on the course of type 2 diabetes and atopic dermatitis. Furthermore, it is characterized by good survival in physiological conditions of the stomach and duodenum after oral administration. Due to these beneficial properties, L. paracasei is widely used in clinical medicine as a probiotic. Currently, in Russia and abroad, a large number of clinical studies are being conducted to investigate the efficacy of L. paracasei in various diseases. This article examines the efficacy of this strain in the treatment and prevention of various diseases.
Keywords: probiotics, Lactobacillus paracasei, clinical application, strain efficiency.
For citation: Novikova V.P., Kravtsova K.A. Lactobacillus paracasei: probiotic properties and clinical efficacy. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2024;8(5):268–273 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2024-8-5-4.
ABOUT THE AUTHORS:
Valeriya P. Novikova — D. Sc. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Propaedeutics of Pediatric Diseases with General Child Care, Head of the Laboratory of Medical and Social Problems in Pediatrics, St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University; 2, Litovskaya str., St. Petersburg, 194100, Russian Federation; ORCID iD 0000-0002-0992-1709.
Kira A. Kravtsova — student of the 6th course, laboratory assistant of the Department of Propaedeutics of Pediatric Diseases with General Child Care, St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University; 2, Litovskaya str., St. Petersburg, 194100, Russian Federation; ORCID iD 0000-0002-0039-4180.
Contact information: Valeriya P. Novikova, e-mail: novikova-vp@mail.ru.
Financial Disclosure: no authors have a financial or property interest in any material or method mentioned.
There is no conflict of interest.
Received 02.04.2024.
Revised 25.04.2024.
Accepted 23.05.2024.
References
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24. Annibale B., Maconi G., Lahner E. et al. Efficacy of Lactobacillus paracasei sub. paracasei F19 on abdominal symptoms in patients with symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease: a pilot study. Minerva Gastroenterol Dietol. 2011;57(1):13–22. PMID: 21372765.
25. Tursi A., Brandimarte G., Elise W. et al. Randomised clinical trial: mesalazine and/or probiotics in maintaining remission of symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled study. Alim Pharmacol Ther. 2013;38(7):741–751. DOI: 10.1111/apt.12463.
26. Lahner E., Esposito G., Zullo A. et al. High-fibre diet and Lactobacillus paracasei B21060 in symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease. World J Gastroenterol. 2012;18(41):5918–5924. DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v18.i41.5918.
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30. Cai T., Gallelli L., Cione E. et al. The use of Lactobacillus casei DG® prevents symptomatic episodes and reduces the antibiotic use in patients affected by chronic bacterial prostatitis: results from a phase IV study. World J Urol. 2021;39(9):3433–3440. DOI: 10.1007/s00345-020-03580-7.
31. Passariello A., Terrin G., Cecere G. et al. Randomised clinical trial: efficacy of a new synbiotic formulation containing Lactobacillus paracasei B21060 plus arabinogalactan and xilooligosaccharides in children with acute diarrhoea. Alim Pharmacol Ther. 2012;35(7):782–788. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2012.05015.x.
32. Aronsson L., Huang Y., Parini P. et al. Decreased fat storage by Lactobacillus paracasei is associated with increased levels of angiopoietin-like 4 protein (ANGPTL4). PLoS One. 2010;5(9):e13087. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0013087.
33. Fernandez-Carrocera L.A., Solis-Herrera A., Cabanillas-Ayon M. et al. Double-blind, randomised clinical assay to evaluate the efficacy of probiotics in preterm newborns weighing less than 1500 g in the prevention of necrotising enterocolitis. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2013;98(1):F5–F9. DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2011-300435.
34. Braga T.D., da Silva G.A.P., de Lira P.I.C. et al. Efficacy of Bifidobacterium breve and Lactobacillus casei oral supplementation on necrotizing enterocolitis in very-low-birth-weight preterm infants: a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2011;93(1):81–86. DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.2010.29799.
35. Sarker S.A., Sultana S., Fuchs G.J. et al. Lactobacillus paracasei strain ST11 has no effect on rotavirus but ameliorates the outcome of nonrotavirus diarrhea in children from Bangladesh. Pediatrics. 2005;116(2):E221–E228.
36. Toejing P., Khat-Udomkiri N., Intakhad J. et al. Putative Mechanisms Responsible for the Antihyperglycemic Action of Lactobacillus paracasei HII01 in Experimental Type 2 Diabetic Rats. Nutrients. 2020;12:3015. DOI: 10.3390/nu12103015.
37. Bjerg A.T., Kristensen M., Ritz C. et al. Four weeks supplementation with Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei L. casei W8® shows modest effect on triacylglycerol in young healthy adults. Benef Microbes. 2015;6(1):29–39. DOI: 10.3920/BM2014.0058.
38. Kim W.K., Jang Y.J., Han D.H. et al. Lactobacillus paracasei KBL382 administration attenuates atopic dermatitis by modulating immune response and gut microbiota. Gut Microbes. 2020;12(1):1–14. DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2020.1819156.
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2. Makarova K., Slesarev A., Wolf Y. et al. Comparative genomics of the lactic acid bacteria. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2006;103(42):15611–1566. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0607117103.
3. Collins M.D., Phillips B.A., Zanoni P. Deoxyribonucleic-acid homology studies of Lactobacillus-Casei, Lactobacillus-Paracasei Sp-Nov, Subsp Paracasei and Subsp Tolerans, and Lactobacillus-Rhamnosus Sp-Nov, Comb-Nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1989;39(2):105–108.
4. Dicks L.M., Du Plessis E.M., Dellaglio F., Lauer E. Reclassification of Lactobacillus casei subsp. casei ATCC 393 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 15820 as Lactobacillus zeae nom. rev., designation of ATCC 334 as the neotype of L. casei subsp. casei, and rejection of the name Lactobacillus paracasei. Int J Syst Bacteriol. 1996;46(1):337–340. DOI: 10.1099/00207713-46-1-337.
5. Dellaglio F., Felis G.E., Torriani S. The status of the species Lactobacillus casei (Orla-Jensen 1916) Hansen and Lessel 1971 and Lactobacillus paracasei Collins et al. 1989. Request for an opinion. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2002;52(Pt 1):285–287. DOI: 10.1099/00207713-52-1-285.
6. Tarrah A., Pakroo S., Corich V., Giacomini A. Whole-genome sequence and comparative genome analysis of Lactobacillus paracasei DTA93, a promising probiotic lactic acid bacterium. Arch Microbiol. 2020;202(7):1997–2003. DOI: 10.1007/s00203-020-01883-2.
7. Ai L., Chen C., Zhou F. et al. Complete genome sequence of the probiotic strain Lactobacillus casei BD-II. J Bacteriol. 2011;193(12):3160–3161. DOI: 10.1128/JB.00421-11.
8. Mazé A., Boël G., Zúñiga M. et al. Complete genome sequence of the probiotic Lactobacillus casei strain BL23. J Bacteriol. 2010;192(10):2647–2648. DOI: 10.1128/JB.00076-10.
9. Chen C., Ai L., Zhou F. et al. Complete genome sequence of the probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus casei LC2W. J Bacteriol. 2011;193(13):3419–3420. DOI: 10.1128/JB.05017-11.
10. Dunne C., O'Mahony L., Murphy L. et al. In vitro selection criteria for probiotic bacteria of human origin: correlation with in vivo findings. Am J Clin Nutr. 2001;73(2 Suppl):386S–392S. DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/73.2.386s.
11. Dehghani Champiri I., Bamzadeh Z., Rahimi E., Rouhi L. Lacticaseibacillus paracasei LB12, a Potential Probiotic Isolated from Traditional Iranian Fermented Milk (Doogh). Curr Microbiol. 2023;80(10):333. DOI: 10.1007/s00284-023-03376-z.
12. Lee M.G., Joeng H., Shin J. et al. Potential Probiotic Properties of Exopolysaccharide-Producing Lacticaseibacillus paracasei EPS DA-BACS and Prebiotic Activity of Its Exopolysaccharide. Microorganisms. 2022;10(12):2431. DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10122431.
13. Balzaretti S., Taverniti V., Guglielmetti S. et al. A Novel Rhamnose-Rich Hetero-exopolysaccharide Isolated from Lactobacillus paracasei DG Activates THP-1 Human Monocytic Cells. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2017;83(3):e02702-16. DOI: 10.1128/AEM.02702-16.
14. Iseppi R., Messi P., Camellini S., Sabia C. Bacteriocin activity of Lactobacillus brevis and Lactobacillus paracasei ssp. paracasei. J Med Microbiol. 2019;68(9):1359–1366. DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001045.
15. Lewis E.D., Antony J.M., Crowley D.C. et al. Efficacy of Lactobacillus paracasei HA-196 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175 in Alleviating Symptoms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study. Nutrients. 2020;12(4):1159. DOI: 10.3390/nu12041159.
16. Cremon C., Guglielmetti S., Gargari G. et al. Effect of Lactobacillus paracasei CNCM I-1572 on symptoms, gut microbiota, short chain fatty acids, and immune activation in patients with irritable bowel syndrome: A pilot randomized clinical trial. United European Gastroenterol J. 2018;6(4):604–613. DOI: 10.1177/2050640617736478.
17. Andriulli A., Neri M., Loguercio C. et al. Clinical trial on the efficacy of a new symbiotic formulation, Flortec, in patients with irritable bowel syndrome — a multicenter, randomized study. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2008;42(8):S218–S223. DOI: 10.1097/MCG.0b013e31817fadd6.
18. Хлынов И.Б., Хлынова Р.И., Воронова Е.И. и др. Эффективность и безопасность Lactobacillus paracasei CNCM I-1572 и фруктоолигосахаридов в лечении больных СРК с запором. Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология. 2021;1(6):57–62. DOI: 10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-190-6-57-62.Khlynov I.B., Khlynova R.I., Voronova E.I. et al. Effectiveness and safety of Lactobacillus paracasei CNCM I-1572 and fructooligosaccharides in the treatment of patients with IBS with constipation. Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology. 2021;1(6):57–62 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-190-6-57-62.
19. Gu Y., Chen H., Li X. et al. Lactobacillus paracasei IMC 502 ameliorates type 2 diabetes by mediating gut microbiota-SCFA-hormone/inflammation pathway in mice. J Sci Food Agric. 2023;103(6):2949–2959. DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12267.
20. Lee Y.K., Ho P.S., Low C.S. et al. Permanent colonization by Lactobacillus casei is hindered by the low rate of cell division in mouse gut. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2004;70(2):670–674. DOI: 10.1128/AEM.70.2.670-674.2004.
21. Radicioni M., Koirala R., Fiore W. et al. Survival of L. casei DG® (Lactobacillus paracasei CNCMI1572) in the gastrointestinal tract of a healthy paediatric population. Eur J Nutr. 2019;58(8):3161–3170. DOI: 10.1007/s00394-018-1860-5.
22. Arioli S., Koirala R., Taverniti V. et al. Quantitative Recovery of Viable Lactobacillus paracasei CNCM I-1572 (L. casei DG®) After Gastrointestinal Passage in Healthy Adults. Front Microbiol. 2018;9:1720. DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01720.
23. Rosania R., Giorgio F., Principi M. et al. Effect of probiotic or prebiotic supplementation on antibiotic therapy in the small intestinal bacterial overgrowth: a comparative evaluation. Curr Clin Pharmacol. 2013;8(2):169–172. DOI: 10.2174/15748847113089990048.
24. Annibale B., Maconi G., Lahner E. et al. Efficacy of Lactobacillus paracasei sub. paracasei F19 on abdominal symptoms in patients with symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease: a pilot study. Minerva Gastroenterol Dietol. 2011;57(1):13–22. PMID: 21372765.
25. Tursi A., Brandimarte G., Elise W. et al. Randomised clinical trial: mesalazine and/or probiotics in maintaining remission of symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled study. Alim Pharmacol Ther. 2013;38(7):741–751. DOI: 10.1111/apt.12463.
26. Lahner E., Esposito G., Zullo A. et al. High-fibre diet and Lactobacillus paracasei B21060 in symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease. World J Gastroenterol. 2012;18(41):5918–5924. DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v18.i41.5918.
27. Tursi A., Brandimarte G., Giorgetti G.M., Modeo M.E. Effect of Lactobacillus casei supplementation on the effectiveness and tolerability of a new second-line 10-day quadruple therapy after failure of a first attempt to cure Helicobacter pylori infection. Med Sci Monit. 2004;10(12):CR662-6. PMID: 15567983.
28. Сутовская Д.В., Литвинов Д.И. Эффективность применения синбиотика в комплексной терапии острых кишечных инфекций у детей. Российский педиатрический журнал. 2023;26(6):426–429. DOI: 10.46563/1560-9561-2023-26-6-426-429.Sutovskaya D.V., Litvinov D.I. The effectiveness of the use of synbiotics in the complex therapy of acute intestinal infections in children. Russian Pediatric Journal. 2023;26(6):426–429 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.46563/1560-9561-2023-26-6-426-429.
29. Карахалис Л.Ю., Жигаленко А.Р., Доценко С.В., Воронкова В.В. Подготовка пациенток с хроническим эндометритом к процедуре вспомогательных репродуктивных технологий. Акушерство и гинекология. 2023;12:152–157. DOI: 10.18565/aig.2023.291.Karakhalis L.Y., Zhigalenko A.R., Dotsenko S.V., Voronkova V.V. Preparation of patients with chronic endometritis to the procedure of assisted reproductive technologies. Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 2023;12:152–157 (in Russ.)]. DOI: 10.18565/aig.2023.291.
30. Cai T., Gallelli L., Cione E. et al. The use of Lactobacillus casei DG® prevents symptomatic episodes and reduces the antibiotic use in patients affected by chronic bacterial prostatitis: results from a phase IV study. World J Urol. 2021;39(9):3433–3440. DOI: 10.1007/s00345-020-03580-7.
31. Passariello A., Terrin G., Cecere G. et al. Randomised clinical trial: efficacy of a new synbiotic formulation containing Lactobacillus paracasei B21060 plus arabinogalactan and xilooligosaccharides in children with acute diarrhoea. Alim Pharmacol Ther. 2012;35(7):782–788. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2012.05015.x.
32. Aronsson L., Huang Y., Parini P. et al. Decreased fat storage by Lactobacillus paracasei is associated with increased levels of angiopoietin-like 4 protein (ANGPTL4). PLoS One. 2010;5(9):e13087. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0013087.
33. Fernandez-Carrocera L.A., Solis-Herrera A., Cabanillas-Ayon M. et al. Double-blind, randomised clinical assay to evaluate the efficacy of probiotics in preterm newborns weighing less than 1500 g in the prevention of necrotising enterocolitis. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2013;98(1):F5–F9. DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2011-300435.
34. Braga T.D., da Silva G.A.P., de Lira P.I.C. et al. Efficacy of Bifidobacterium breve and Lactobacillus casei oral supplementation on necrotizing enterocolitis in very-low-birth-weight preterm infants: a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2011;93(1):81–86. DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.2010.29799.
35. Sarker S.A., Sultana S., Fuchs G.J. et al. Lactobacillus paracasei strain ST11 has no effect on rotavirus but ameliorates the outcome of nonrotavirus diarrhea in children from Bangladesh. Pediatrics. 2005;116(2):E221–E228.
36. Toejing P., Khat-Udomkiri N., Intakhad J. et al. Putative Mechanisms Responsible for the Antihyperglycemic Action of Lactobacillus paracasei HII01 in Experimental Type 2 Diabetic Rats. Nutrients. 2020;12:3015. DOI: 10.3390/nu12103015.
37. Bjerg A.T., Kristensen M., Ritz C. et al. Four weeks supplementation with Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei L. casei W8® shows modest effect on triacylglycerol in young healthy adults. Benef Microbes. 2015;6(1):29–39. DOI: 10.3920/BM2014.0058.
38. Kim W.K., Jang Y.J., Han D.H. et al. Lactobacillus paracasei KBL382 administration attenuates atopic dermatitis by modulating immune response and gut microbiota. Gut Microbes. 2020;12(1):1–14. DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2020.1819156.
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