Fungal infections of gastrointestinal tract
Omarov T.R.¹,Omarova L.A.<sup>2

1</sup> Republican Scientific Center of Emergency Medical Aid, Astana, Kazakhstan
² Medical University Astana, Kazakhstan

According to the World Health Organization, about 20% of the world’s population are affected by mycoses. Currently, the mankind experiences an outbreak of opportunistic infections, and mycoses are among the leading causes. In recent years, candida is the most common etiological agent of opportunistic mycoses. Beginning from the antibiotic era and until the present day, the morbidity associated with candidiasis has significantly increased and continues to grow. Adverse environmental conditions which affect immune system have an important role in candidiasis as well. Candidiasis generally occurs endogenously as a result of immune dysfunctions and metabolic disorders. Candidiasis can be systemic and disseminated due to massive growth spurt thus transforming into fungal sepsis which affects kidneys, heart, spleen, and brain, or even into septic shock.
The paper discusses pathogenic aspects of human fungal infections, resistance, host immune responses, mixed infections, and dysbiosis. Epidemiology, clinical signs, and diagnosis of gastrointestinal mycoses with various localization (oral/oropharyngeal, gastric, enteric) are described in details.

Key words: mycosis, сandidiasis, mixed infection, dysbiosis, immune deficiency, AIDS

For citation: Omarov T.R., Omarova L.A. Fungal infections of gastrointestinal tract // RMJ. Gastroenterology. 2016. № 11. P. 687–691.