Primary hyperparathyroidism manifestation in the skeletal system

A.L. Petrushin¹, T.V. Nekhoroshkova²

¹Karpogory Central District Hospital, Arkhangelsk

²Arkhangelsk First City Clinical Hospital named after E.E. Volosevich

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is the third most common endocrine disease after diabetes mellitus and thyroid pathology. PHPT is characterized by excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) with an upper-normal or elevated level of calcium in the blood due to the parathyroid glands primary pathology. It manifests itself in a multisymptomatic clinical picture involving various organs and systems in the pathological process. Disorders of bone tissue metabolism in PHPT lead to pathological changes in the skeleton, which correlate with the disease severity. In many cases, it is the musculoskeletal system pathology that is the leading PHPT clinical syndrome causing the main suffering to patients and leading to their disability. Despite the vivid clinical and radiological manifestations, this pathology requires a thorough differential diagnosis, both with other metabolic changes and wit h oncological processes that occur with the osseous lesion. Russian literature study showed the absence of the scientific papers on the analysis of bone tissue pathology manifestations in all PHPT forms. In this regard, it became necessary to generalize and systematize modern scientific data on clinical manifestations, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, risk factors and outcomes of skeletal system pathology caused by PHPT.

Keywords: primary hyperparathyroidism, metabolic bone lesions, fibrocystic osteitis, osteopenia, brown tumors, osteolytic lesions, pathological fractures, osteomalacia, osteoporosis.

For citation: Petrushin A.L., Nekhoroshkova T.V. Primary hyperparathyroidism manifestation in the skeletal system. RMJ. 2019;8(I):21–26.