Gestational hyperglycemia and perinatal outcomes
DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2024-7-4-2
E.V. Shaposhnikova1, M.M. Mentsik2, E.V. Gol'tsman2, E.Sh. Medzhidli1
1Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
2I.S. Berzon Krasnoyarsk Interregional City Hospital No. 20, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Background: Increased number of pregnant women with carbohydrate metabolism disorders is associated with newly implemented reference intervals for normoglycemia, older age of patients and prevalence of concomitant comorbidities among them. Diabetic fetopathy (DF) leads to adverse perinatal outcomes and neonatal complications.
Aim: to evaluate perinatal outcomes in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) and gestational DM (GDM) complicated by DF.
Materials and Methods: labor and delivery medical records were retrospectively analyzed in 570 patients with carbohydrate metabolism disorders such as type 1 DM (n=30) and GDM (n=540) among which neonatal DF was diagnosed in 10 (33.3%, type 1 DM group) and 34 (6.3%, GDM group) patients, respectively (OR=7.44, 95% CI: 3.23–17.15).
Results: early delivery (at 360–366 weeks) was performed in 3 (30%) and 4 (11.8%) patients of the type 1 DM and the GDM groups, respectively (OR=3.21, 95% CI: 0.58–17.74). During the neonatal period, newborns of the type 1 DM and the GDM groups demonstrated cephalohematoma (1 [10%] vs. 2 [5.9%], respectively) and clavicle fracture (2 [20%] vs. 1 [2.9%], respectively). Perinatal damage of the central nervous system was diagnosed in 3 (30%) and 1 (2.9%) neonates in the type 1 DM and the GDM groups, respectively (p<0.05). 6 (60%) and 6 (17.7%) neonates of the type 1 DM and the GDM groups, respectively, were transferred to the Pediatric Department (p<0.05).
Conclusion: among patients with type 1 DM, signs of neonatal diabetic fetopathy are more common complicating the course of the early neonatal period and requiring further treatment and rehabilitation.
Keywords: pregnancy, hyperglycemia, gestational diabetes mellitus, delivery, diabetic fetopathy, perinatal outcomes.
For citation: Shaposhnikova E.V., Mentsik M.M., Gol'tsman E.V., Medzhidli E.Sh. Gestational hyperglycemia and perinatal outcomes. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2024;7(4):302–306 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2024-7-4-2
About the authors:
Ekaterina V. Shaposhnikova — C. Sc. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Continuous Professional Education Institute, Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University; 1, Partizan Zheleznyak str., Krasnoyarsk, 660022, Russian Federation; ORCID iD 0000-0001-8068-0699
Marina M. Mentsik — Deputy Chief Physician for Obstetrics and Gynecology, I.S. Berzon Krasnoyarsk Interregional City Hospital No. 20; 12, Instrumental'naya str., Krasnoyarsk, 660123, Russian Federation; ORCID iD 0009-0008-8768-3700
Elena V. Gol'tsman — Head of the Neonatal Department, I.S. Berzon Krasnoyarsk Interregional City Hospital No. 20; 12, Instrumental'naya str., Krasnoyarsk, 660123, Russian Federation; ORCID iD 0009-0006-9332-6190
Elgyun Sh. Medzhidli — Resident Physician of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Continuous Professional Education Institute, Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University; 1, Partizan Zheleznyak str., Krasnoyarsk, 660022, Russian Federation; ORCID iD 0009-0007-5423-6704
Contact information: Ekaterina V. Shaposhnikova, e-mail: catrinaek@yandex.ru
Financial Disclosure: no authors have a financial or property interest in any material or method mentioned.
Conflict of interest: no conflict of interest.
Received 25.01.2024.
Revised 19.02.2024.
Accepted 18.03.2024.
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