Diabetic Retinopathy Barometer Study: relevant issues and perspectives
T.Yu. Demidova, A.A. Kozhevnikov
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow
Currently, diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of blindness among working age population worldwide as the prevalence of diabetes rises. Despite significant progress in our un-derstanding of DR pathogenesis, treatment modalities are still limited. Therefore, adequate pre-vention is a milestone for ocular health in diabetes. Regular eye examinations are required, how-ever, coverage of diabetes screening is low due to the numerous challenges. According to the Diabetic Retinopathy Barometer Study, one-third of patients are not aware of ocular complica-tions of diabetes while one-fifth of patients do not undergo eye examinations after diagnosis of diabetes. Two-third of ophthalmologists has reported that most patients with diabetes are pre-sented to eye doctor with late DR. Reminding systems, patient education, available eye care ser-vices, development of telemedi cine and artificial intelligence technologies to analyze fundus im-ages are required to improve patient compliance with regular eye examinations. Thus, launching of DR screening program in UK has required significant financial investment, novel equipment, personnel training, development of screening pathway and patient notification system. As a re-sult, for the first time in over 50 years DR is no longer the leading cause of blindness in adults of working age. Recent findings on the efficacy of anti-VEGF therapy for diabetic eye are other reasons for strict compliance with the intervals between eye examina-tions to start the treatment early.
Keywords: diabetic retinopathy, diabetes complications, ocular screening, telemedicine, VEGF inhibitors.
For citation: Demidova T.Yu., Kozhevnikova A.A. Diabetic Retinopathy Barometer Study: relevant issues and perspectives. RMJ. Medical Review. 2019;10(II):128–134.
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15. Behl T., Kotwani A. Potential of angiotensin II receptor blockers in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy. Life Sci. 2017;176:1–9. DOI:10.1016/j.lfs.2017.03.020.
16. Rahimi Z., Moradi M., Nasri H. A systematic review of the role of renin angiotensin aldosterone system genes in diabetes mellitus, diabetic retinopathy and diabetic neuropathy. J Res Med Sci. 2014;19(11):1090–1098.
17. Atchison E., Barkmeier A. The Role of Systemic Risk Factors in Diabetic Retinopathy. Curr Ophthalmol Rep. 2016;4(2):84–89. DOI:10.1007/s40135–016–0098–8.
18. Wong T.Y., Cheung C.M.G., Larsen M. et al. Diabetic retinopathy. Nat Rev Dis Prim. 2016;2:16012. DOI:10.1038/nrdp.2016.12.
19. Шадричев Ф.Е., Демидова Т.Ю., Григорьева Н.Н., Кожевников А.А. Профилактика слепоты при сахарном диабете. От лазерной коагуляции сетчатки к фармакологии. Фарматека. 2019;26(4):68–78. DOI:10.18565/pharmateca.2019.4.68–78. [Shadrichev F.E., Demidova T.Yu., Grigorieva N.N., Kozhevnikov A.A. Prevention of blindness in diabetes mellitus. From retinal laser coagulation to pharmacology. Farmateka. 2019;26(4):68–78. DOI: https: //dx.DOI.org/10.18565/pharmateca.2019.4.68-78 (in Russ.)].
20. Tanabe K., Maeshima Y., Sato Y., Wada J. Antiangiogenic Therapy for Diabetic Nephropathy. Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:1–12. DOI:10.1155/2017/5724069.
21. Oltean S., Qiu Y., Ferguson J.K. et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor-A165b is protective and restores endothelial glycocalyx in diabetic nephropathy. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2015;26(8):1889–1904. DOI:10.1681/ASN.2014040350.
22. Ved N., Hulse R.P., Bestall S.M. et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor-A165b ameliorates outer-retinal barrier and vascular dysfunction in the diabetic retina. Clin Sci. 2017;131(12):1225–1243. DOI:10.1042/CS20170102.
23. Ved N., Da Vitoria Lobo M.E., Bestall S.M. et al. Diabetes-induced microvascular complications at the level of the spinal cord: a contributing factor in diabetic neuropathic pain. J Physiol. 2018;596(16):3675–3693. DOI:10.1113/JP275067.
24. Llorián-Salvador M., González-Rodríguez S. Painful understanding of VEGF. Front Pharmacol. 2018;9(NOV):1267. DOI:10.3389/fphar.2018.01267.
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27. Cavan D., Makaroff L., da Rocha Fernandes J. et al. The Diabetic Retinopathy Barometer Study: Global perspectives on access to and experiences of diabetic retinopathy screening and treatment. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2017;129:16–24. DOI:10.1016/j.diabres.2017.03.023.
28. Liu Y., Swearingen R. Diabetic Eye Screening: Knowledge and Perspectives from Providers and Patients. Curr Diab Rep. 2017;17(10):94. DOI:10.1007/s11892–017–0911–2.
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