Choice of antihistamines for allergic rhinitis
R.S. Fassakhov
Kazan Federal University
The literature review examines the prevalence and socio-economic burden of allergic rhinitis (AR). This disease is one of the most common allergic conditions: the confirmed rate of AR in adults in Europe varies from 17% to 28.5% depending on the region. Socio-economic damage from AR is often underestimated, and meanwhile, according to some data, the decrease in patient productivity is comparable to that in cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus. AR may also be a precursor to a more serious disease — atopic bronchial asthma. According to the main provisions of the current international guidelines on diagnosis and treatment, the approach to AR treatment, similar to the treatment of BA, is primarily aimed at achieving disease control. Assessment of AR control is based on the severity of AR symptoms, quality of life indicators, and objective criteria. The author thoroughly analyzes the place of reverse histamine agonists, the advantages of ebastin related to anti-inflammatory effect, impact on nasal congestion and safety.
Keywords: allergic rhinitis, nasal congestion, histamine, antihistamines, efficacy, safety, ebastin.
For citation: Fassakhov R.S. Choice of antihistamines for allergic rhinitis. RMJ. Medical Review. 2019;2(I):23–26.
References
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2. Asher M.I., Montefort S., Bjorksten B. et al. Worldwide time trends in the prevalence of symptoms of asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema in childhood: ISAAC Phases One and Three repeat multicountry cross-sectional surveys. Lancet. 2006;368:733–743.
3. Katelaris C.H., Lee B.W., Potter P.C. et al. Prevalence and diversity of allergic rhinitis in regions of the world beyond Europe and North America. Clin Exp Allergy. 2012;42:186–207.
4. Lamb C.E., Ratner P.H., Johnson C.E. et al. Economic impact of workplace productivity losses due to allergic rhinitis compared with sel ect medical conditions in the United States from an employer perspective. Curr Med Res Opin. 2006;22(6):1203–1210.
5. Canonica G.W., Triggiani M., Senna G. 360 degree perspective on allergic rhinitis management in Italy: a survey of GPs, pharmacists and patients. Clin Mol Allergy. 2015; 13:25.
6. Leynaert B., Bousquet J., Neukirch C. et al. Perennial rhinitis: an independent risk factor for asthma in nonatopic subjects: results from the European Community Respiratory Health Survey. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1999;104:301–304.
7. Guerra S., Sherrill D.L., Baldacci S. et al. Rhinitis is an independent risk factor for developing cough apart fr om colds among adults. Allergy. 2005;60:343–349.
8. Papadopoulos N.G., Bernstein J.A., Demoly P. et al. Phenotypes and endotypes of rhinitis and their impact on management: a PRACTALL report. Allergy. 2015;70:474–494.
9. Лусс Т.В. Факторы, влияющие на клиническую эффективность антигистаминных препаратов. Трудный пациент. 2014;4:43–49. [Luss T.V. Factors affecting the clinical efficacy of antihistamines. Difficult patient. 2014;4:43–49 (in Russ.)].
10. Thorn F., Celius H., Odegård T. et al. Assessment of efficacy and impact on work productivity and attendance after a mandatory switch to generic second-generation antihistamines: results of a patient survey in Norway. Clin Mol Allergy. 2011;9:5.
11. Hurs M., Spencer C.M. Ebastine: an update of its use in allergic disorders. Drugs. 2000;59:981–1006.
12. Simons F., Simons K.J. Clinical pharmacology of new antihistamine H1 receptor antagonists. Clin. Pharmacokinet. 1999;36:329–952.
13. Nelson H.S., Bucher B., Buchmeier A. et al. Suppression ofthe skin reaction to histamine by ebastine. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 1995;74:442–447.
14. Simons F.E.R., Watson W.T.A., Simons K.J. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ebastine in children. J Pediatr. 1993;122:641–646.
15. Frossard N., Vital-Durand D., Mounedji N., Valleteau A. Duration of the antihistaminic effect after discontinuation of ebastine. Allergy. 2001;56:553–557.
16. Van Steekelenburg J., Clement P.A.R., Beel M.H.L. Comparison of five new antihistamines (H1-receptor antagonists) in patients with allergic rhinitis using nasalprovocation studies and skin tests. Allergy. 2002;57:346–350.
17. Barbanoj M.J., Antonijoan R.M., Garcia-Gea C. et al. A study comparing the inhibitory effects of single and repeated oral doses of ebastine and fexofenadine against histamine-induced skin reactivity. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2003;132:263–267.
18. Campbell A., Michel F.-B., Bremard-Oury C. et al. Overview of allergic mechanisms. Ebastine has more than an antihistamine effect. Drugs. 1996;52(suppl. 1):15–19.
19. Jutel M., Blaser K., Akdis C.A. Histamine in chronic allergic responses. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2005;15:1–8.
20. Bryce P.J., Mathias C.B., Harrison K.L. et al. The H1 histamine receptor regulates allergic lung responses. J Clin Invest. 2006;116(6):1624–1632.
21. Iwata S., Nori M., Hashizume Y. et al. Effect of H1-receptor antagonists on proliferative response, cytokine production, and cellular migration of human T cells and macrophages. Clin Exp Allergy Reviews. 2008;8:21–29.
22. Ciprandi G., Cirillo I., Pistorio A. et al. Ebastine increases IFN-gamma production in patients with persistent allergic rhinitis. J Biol Regul Homeost Agents. 2009;23(1):31–36.
23. Bousquet J., Gaudano E.M., Palma Carlos A.G., Staudinger H. A 12-week, placebo-controlled study of the efficay and safety of ebastine 10 and 20 mg once daily, in the treatment of perennial allergic rhinitis. Allergy. 1999;54:562–568.
24. Picado Vallés C., Cadahia García A., Cisteró Bahima A. et al. Ebastine in perennial allergic rhinitis. Ann Allergy. 1991;67:615–618.
25. Davies R.J., European Multicentre Study Group. Efficacy and tolerability comparison of ebastine 10 and 20 mg withloratadine 10 mg: a double-blind, randomized study in patients with perennial allergic rhinitis. Clin Drug Invest.1998;16:413–420.
26. Gehanno P., Bremard-Oury C., Zeisser P. Comparison of ebastine to cetirizine in seasonal allergic rhinitis in adults. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 1996;76(6):507–512.
27. Ratner P.H., Lim J.C., Georges G.C. et al. Comparison of once-daily ebastine 20 mg, ebastine 10 mg, loratadine 10 mg and placebo in the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 2000;105:1101–1107.
28. Ratner P., Falques M., Chuecos E. et al. Meta-Analysis of the Efficacy of Ebastine 20 mg Compared to Loratadine 10 mg and Placebo in the Symptomatic Treatment of Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2005;138:312–318.
29. Simons F.E., Watson W.T., Simons K.J. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ebastine in children. J Pediatr. 1993;122(4):641–646.
30. Benavente V., Eseverri J.L., Botey J., Marin A. Ebastine: treatment of perennial rhinitis in the child]. Allerg Immunol (Paris). 1996;28(8):277–281.
31. Nayak G. Efficacy of ebastine 5 mg in the treatment of children with allergic rhinitis: A post marketing surveillance study. Journal of Pharmacy Research. 2012;5(1):183–185.
32. Ratner P., Hampel F. Jr, Gispert J. Efficacy of ebastine in the control of nasal congestion associated with allergic rhinitis. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 2003;25(2):111–115.
33. Ciprandi G., Cirillo I., Mora F., La Rosa M. Ebastine improves nasal symptoms and airflow and affects response to decongestion test in patients with persistent allergic rhinitis: a pilot study. Allergy Asthma Proc. 2007;28(5):578–581.
34. Wood-Baker R., Holgate S.T. Dose-response relationship of the H1-histamine antagonist, ebastine, against histamine and metacholine-induced bronchoconstriction in patients with asthma. Agents Actions. 1990;30:284–286.
35. Horiguchi T., Tachikawa S., Kasahara J. et al. Effect of ebastine on serum eosinophil cationic protein levels in patients with bronchial asthma. Clin Drug Invest. 1999;17(6): 435–440.
36. Connell L., Alderfer V., Garcia J. Electrocardiographic evaluationof ebastine in double-blind allergic rhinitis clinical trials. Allergy. 1995;50(suppl. 26):105.
37. Gillen M.S., Miller B., Chaikin P., Morganroth J. Effects of supratherapeutic doses of ebastine and terfenadine on the QT interval. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2001;52:201–204.
38. Pecoraro L., Paiola G., Pietrobelli A. Ebastine overdose in a child. Clin Case Rep. 2017;5(4):403–405.
2. Asher M.I., Montefort S., Bjorksten B. et al. Worldwide time trends in the prevalence of symptoms of asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema in childhood: ISAAC Phases One and Three repeat multicountry cross-sectional surveys. Lancet. 2006;368:733–743.
3. Katelaris C.H., Lee B.W., Potter P.C. et al. Prevalence and diversity of allergic rhinitis in regions of the world beyond Europe and North America. Clin Exp Allergy. 2012;42:186–207.
4. Lamb C.E., Ratner P.H., Johnson C.E. et al. Economic impact of workplace productivity losses due to allergic rhinitis compared with sel ect medical conditions in the United States from an employer perspective. Curr Med Res Opin. 2006;22(6):1203–1210.
5. Canonica G.W., Triggiani M., Senna G. 360 degree perspective on allergic rhinitis management in Italy: a survey of GPs, pharmacists and patients. Clin Mol Allergy. 2015; 13:25.
6. Leynaert B., Bousquet J., Neukirch C. et al. Perennial rhinitis: an independent risk factor for asthma in nonatopic subjects: results from the European Community Respiratory Health Survey. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1999;104:301–304.
7. Guerra S., Sherrill D.L., Baldacci S. et al. Rhinitis is an independent risk factor for developing cough apart fr om colds among adults. Allergy. 2005;60:343–349.
8. Papadopoulos N.G., Bernstein J.A., Demoly P. et al. Phenotypes and endotypes of rhinitis and their impact on management: a PRACTALL report. Allergy. 2015;70:474–494.
9. Лусс Т.В. Факторы, влияющие на клиническую эффективность антигистаминных препаратов. Трудный пациент. 2014;4:43–49. [Luss T.V. Factors affecting the clinical efficacy of antihistamines. Difficult patient. 2014;4:43–49 (in Russ.)].
10. Thorn F., Celius H., Odegård T. et al. Assessment of efficacy and impact on work productivity and attendance after a mandatory switch to generic second-generation antihistamines: results of a patient survey in Norway. Clin Mol Allergy. 2011;9:5.
11. Hurs M., Spencer C.M. Ebastine: an update of its use in allergic disorders. Drugs. 2000;59:981–1006.
12. Simons F., Simons K.J. Clinical pharmacology of new antihistamine H1 receptor antagonists. Clin. Pharmacokinet. 1999;36:329–952.
13. Nelson H.S., Bucher B., Buchmeier A. et al. Suppression ofthe skin reaction to histamine by ebastine. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 1995;74:442–447.
14. Simons F.E.R., Watson W.T.A., Simons K.J. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ebastine in children. J Pediatr. 1993;122:641–646.
15. Frossard N., Vital-Durand D., Mounedji N., Valleteau A. Duration of the antihistaminic effect after discontinuation of ebastine. Allergy. 2001;56:553–557.
16. Van Steekelenburg J., Clement P.A.R., Beel M.H.L. Comparison of five new antihistamines (H1-receptor antagonists) in patients with allergic rhinitis using nasalprovocation studies and skin tests. Allergy. 2002;57:346–350.
17. Barbanoj M.J., Antonijoan R.M., Garcia-Gea C. et al. A study comparing the inhibitory effects of single and repeated oral doses of ebastine and fexofenadine against histamine-induced skin reactivity. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2003;132:263–267.
18. Campbell A., Michel F.-B., Bremard-Oury C. et al. Overview of allergic mechanisms. Ebastine has more than an antihistamine effect. Drugs. 1996;52(suppl. 1):15–19.
19. Jutel M., Blaser K., Akdis C.A. Histamine in chronic allergic responses. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2005;15:1–8.
20. Bryce P.J., Mathias C.B., Harrison K.L. et al. The H1 histamine receptor regulates allergic lung responses. J Clin Invest. 2006;116(6):1624–1632.
21. Iwata S., Nori M., Hashizume Y. et al. Effect of H1-receptor antagonists on proliferative response, cytokine production, and cellular migration of human T cells and macrophages. Clin Exp Allergy Reviews. 2008;8:21–29.
22. Ciprandi G., Cirillo I., Pistorio A. et al. Ebastine increases IFN-gamma production in patients with persistent allergic rhinitis. J Biol Regul Homeost Agents. 2009;23(1):31–36.
23. Bousquet J., Gaudano E.M., Palma Carlos A.G., Staudinger H. A 12-week, placebo-controlled study of the efficay and safety of ebastine 10 and 20 mg once daily, in the treatment of perennial allergic rhinitis. Allergy. 1999;54:562–568.
24. Picado Vallés C., Cadahia García A., Cisteró Bahima A. et al. Ebastine in perennial allergic rhinitis. Ann Allergy. 1991;67:615–618.
25. Davies R.J., European Multicentre Study Group. Efficacy and tolerability comparison of ebastine 10 and 20 mg withloratadine 10 mg: a double-blind, randomized study in patients with perennial allergic rhinitis. Clin Drug Invest.1998;16:413–420.
26. Gehanno P., Bremard-Oury C., Zeisser P. Comparison of ebastine to cetirizine in seasonal allergic rhinitis in adults. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 1996;76(6):507–512.
27. Ratner P.H., Lim J.C., Georges G.C. et al. Comparison of once-daily ebastine 20 mg, ebastine 10 mg, loratadine 10 mg and placebo in the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 2000;105:1101–1107.
28. Ratner P., Falques M., Chuecos E. et al. Meta-Analysis of the Efficacy of Ebastine 20 mg Compared to Loratadine 10 mg and Placebo in the Symptomatic Treatment of Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2005;138:312–318.
29. Simons F.E., Watson W.T., Simons K.J. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ebastine in children. J Pediatr. 1993;122(4):641–646.
30. Benavente V., Eseverri J.L., Botey J., Marin A. Ebastine: treatment of perennial rhinitis in the child]. Allerg Immunol (Paris). 1996;28(8):277–281.
31. Nayak G. Efficacy of ebastine 5 mg in the treatment of children with allergic rhinitis: A post marketing surveillance study. Journal of Pharmacy Research. 2012;5(1):183–185.
32. Ratner P., Hampel F. Jr, Gispert J. Efficacy of ebastine in the control of nasal congestion associated with allergic rhinitis. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 2003;25(2):111–115.
33. Ciprandi G., Cirillo I., Mora F., La Rosa M. Ebastine improves nasal symptoms and airflow and affects response to decongestion test in patients with persistent allergic rhinitis: a pilot study. Allergy Asthma Proc. 2007;28(5):578–581.
34. Wood-Baker R., Holgate S.T. Dose-response relationship of the H1-histamine antagonist, ebastine, against histamine and metacholine-induced bronchoconstriction in patients with asthma. Agents Actions. 1990;30:284–286.
35. Horiguchi T., Tachikawa S., Kasahara J. et al. Effect of ebastine on serum eosinophil cationic protein levels in patients with bronchial asthma. Clin Drug Invest. 1999;17(6): 435–440.
36. Connell L., Alderfer V., Garcia J. Electrocardiographic evaluationof ebastine in double-blind allergic rhinitis clinical trials. Allergy. 1995;50(suppl. 26):105.
37. Gillen M.S., Miller B., Chaikin P., Morganroth J. Effects of supratherapeutic doses of ebastine and terfenadine on the QT interval. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2001;52:201–204.
38. Pecoraro L., Paiola G., Pietrobelli A. Ebastine overdose in a child. Clin Case Rep. 2017;5(4):403–405.
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