The role of microelemental homeostasis in the pathogenesis of upper respiratory tract diseases
I.E. Berest, T.P. Tananakina
St. Luke the Surgeon Lugansk State Medical University
Currently, special attention is paid to the problems of microelemental homeostasis, the disorders of which may accompany many pathological conditions of various organs and systems of the body. This review shows the state of the problem of microelemental homeostasis disorders in the pathogenesis of upper respiratory tract (URT) infections according to literature sources. Heavy metals have high ability to take part in various chemical, physicochemical and biological reactions, participate in redox processes. Heavy metals and their compounds are able to migrate and redistribute in biospheres. Many chemical elements in certain quantities are necessary (essential) for the functioning of the human body. Metals that do not have a useful role in biological processes, such as lead and mercury, are defined as toxic metals.
The data of the last years confirm various microelementoses, disorders of essential and toxic elements in different biological media of patients with URT infection. Penetrating through the respiratory tract, heavy metals, even at low concentrations, cause significant damage to the body’s cells. Deterioration of the ecological situation in recent years leads to a sharp increase in allergic and inflammatory diseases of URT, which makes further study of the role of diselementoses in the etiology and pathogenesis of these diseases very important.
Keywords: heavy metals, microelementosis, upper respiratory tract, homeostasis, immunosuppression, allergy, pathogenesis, biological media.
For citation: Berest I.E., Tananakina T.P. The role of microelemental homeostasis in the pathogenesis of upper respiratory tract diseases. RMJ. Medical Review. 2019;2(I):27–29.
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2. Kanwal Rehman, Fiza Fatima, Iqra Waheed, Muhammad Sajid Hamid Akash. Prevalence of exposure of heavy metals and their impact on health. J Cell Biochem. 2018;119:157–184.
3. Rzymski P., Tomczyk K., Przymski Р. et al. Impact of heavy metals on the female reproductive system. Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine. 2015;22(2):259–264.
4. Глущенко Н.Н., Скальный А.В. Токсичность наночастиц цинка и его биологические свойства. Актуальные проблемы транспортной медицины. 2010;3(21):118–120. [Glushchenko N.N., Skalny A.V. Zinc nanoparticles toxicity and biological properties. Aktual problems transport medicine. 2010;3(21):118–120 (in Russ.)].
5. Лакарова Е.В. О влиянии производственного контакта с токсичными металлами на элементный состав волос. Микроэлементы в медицине. 2009;10(3–4):92–96. [Lakarova E.V. Influence of industrial contact to toxic metals on hair mineral profile. Microelements in medicine. 2009;10(3–4):92–96 (in Russ.)].
6. Krueger W.S., Wade T.J. Elevated blood lead and cadmium levels associated with chronic infections among non-smokers in a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES data. Environmental health. 2016;15(16):1–13.
7. Thao Thi Thu Nguyen, Tomomi Higashi, Yasuhiro Kambayashi A. et al. Longitudinal study of association between heavy metals and itchy eyes, coughing in chronic cough patients: related with non-immunoglobulin E. International journal of environmental research and public health mediated mechanism. 2016;13:110–114.
8. Yang S.N., Hsieh C.C., Kuo H.F. et al. The effects of environmental toxins on allergic inflammation. Allergy Asthma Immunol. Res. 2014;6:478–484.
9. Manju Mahurpawar. Effects of heavy metals on human health. Granthaalayah. 2015;3(9):1–7.
10. Odewumi С., Latinwo L.M., Sinclair А. et al. Effect of cadmium on the expression levels of interleukin-1α and interleukin-10 cytokines in human lung cells. Molecular medicine reports. 2015;12: 6422–6426.
11. Joseph P. Mechanisms of cadmium carcinogenesis. Toxicol appl pharmacol. 2009;238:272–279.
12. Panigrahi R., Acharya S.K. Recent trends in management of allergic rhinitis. Clin Rhinol An Int J. 2016;9(3):130–136.
13. Ghio A.J., Smith C.B., Madden M.C. Diesel exhaust particles and airway inflammation. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2012;18(2):144–150.
14. Mudgal V., Madaan N., Mudgal A. et al. Effect of toxic metals on human health. Open Nutraceut J. 2010;3:94–99.
15. Perez-Campana C., Gomez-Vallejo V., Puigivila M. et al. Assessment of lung inflammation after inhalation of ZnO nanoparticles using PET-[F-18] FDG. European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging. 2013;11:111–113.
16. Дранник Г.Н. Клиническая иммунология и аллергология: пособие для студентов, врачей-интернов, иммунологов, аллергологов, врачей лечебного профиля всех специальностей. К.; 2010:552. [Drannik G.N. Clinical immunology and allergology: a manual for students, interns, immunologists, allergists, medical doctors of all specialties. K.; 2010:552 (in Russ.)].
17. Митин Ю.В., Смехнов А.А., Науменко А.Н. Минеральный обмен в слизистой оболочке носа при некоторых формах хронического ринита. Российская ринология. 1994;2:17–18 [Mitin Ju.V., Smehnov A.A., Naumenko A.N. Mineral metabolism in the nasal mucosa in some forms of chronic rhinitis. Russian rhinology. 1994;2:17–18 (in Russ.)].
18. Семенова И.Н., Рафикова Ю.С. Изучение содержания тяжелых металлов в волосах работников горнообогатительного комбината г. Сибай. Вестник ОГУ. 2009;6:506–508 [Semenova I.N., Rafikova Yu.S. The study of the content of heavy metals in the hair of the workers of the mining and processing plant in Sibay. Bulletin of OSU. 2009;6:506–508 (in Russ.)].
19. Кубасов Р.В., Горбачев А.Л., Лакарова Е.В. Взаимозависимость содержания биоэлементов в крови и волосах человека. Вестник ОГУ. 2011;15(134):75–77 [Kubasov R.V., Gorbachev A.L., Lakarova E.V. The interdependence of the content of bioelements in human blood and hair. Bulletin of OSU. 2011;15(134):75–77 (in Russ.)].
20. Mikulewicz М., Wołowiec Р., Loster В. et al. Metal ions released from fixed orthodontic appliance affect hair mineral content. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2015;163:11–18.
21. Нотова С.В. Элементный состав волос пациентов при различных заболеваниях. Вестник ОГУ. 2005;2:55–58 [Notova S.V. The elemental composition of patients’ hair in various diseases. Bulletin of OSU. 2005;2:55–58 (in Russ.)].
22. Столяров Д.И. Микроэлементоз слизистой оболочки полости носа больных хроническим аденоидитом, ассоциированным с дисбиозом кишечника как причина иммунодефицита, приводящего к их персистенции. Рос. оторинолар. 2010;1(44):122–126 [Stoljarov D.I. Microelementosis of the nasal mucosa of patients with chronic adenoiditis associated with intestinal dysbiosis as a cause of immunodeficiency, leading to their persistence. Rus. otorhinolar. 2010;1(44):122–126 (in Russ.)].
23. Сакиев К.З., Намазбаева З.И., Сулейменова О.Ж., Искендирова А.Ж. Микроэлементный и метаболический статус у подростков промышленного города. Вестник КазНМУ. 2014;3(3):222–225 [Sakiev K.Z., Namazbaeva Z.I., Sulejmenova O.Zh., Iskendirova A.Zh. Modern health problems of aral sea region. Bulletin of KazNMU. 2014;3(3):222–225 (in Russ.)].
24. Крюков А.И., Туровский А.Б., Колбанова И.Г., Кудрявцева Ю.С. Особенности течения инфекционного процесса при патологии верхних дыхательных путей. РМЖ. 2016;21:1399–1402. [Kryukov A.I., Turovskiy A.B., Kolbanova I.G., Kudryavtseva Yu.S. Infectious disease in upper respiratory tract disorders. RMJ. 2016;21:1399–1402 (in Russ.)].
25. Морозова С.В., Митюк А.М. Физиологические и клинические аспекты носового дыхания. РМЖ. 2011;23:1405–1413. [Morozova S.V., Mityuk A.M. Physiological and clinical aspects of nasal breathing. RMJ. 2011;23:1405–1413 (in Russ.)].
26. Khlifi R., Olmedo Р., Gil F. et al. Heavy metals in normal mucosa and nasal polyp tissues from Tunisian patients. Environmental science and pollution research. 2015;22(1):463–471.
27. Неродо М.А. Роль макро- и микроэлементов в патогенезе параназальных синуситов. Российская оториноларингология. 2014;1:157–159 [Nerodo M.A. The role of macro- and microelements in the pathogenesis of paranasal sinusitis. Russian otorhinolaryngology. 2014;1:157–159 (in Russ.)].
28. De Marco R., Poli A., Ferrari M. et al. The impact of climate and traffic-related NO2 on the prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis in Italy. Clin Exp Allergy. 2002;32:1405–1412.
29. Bowatte G., Lodge C.J., Knibbs L.D. et al. Traffic-related air pollution exposure is associated with allergic sensitization, asthma, and poor lung function in middle age. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2017;139(1):122–129.
30. Dockery D.W., Cunningham J., Damokosh A.I. et al. Health effects of acid aerosols on North American children: respiratory symptoms. Environ Health Perspect. 1996;104:500–505.
31. Aberg N., Sundell J., Eriksson B. et al. Prevalence of allergic diseases in schoolchildren in relation to family history, upper respiratory infections, and residential characteristics. Allergy. 1996;51:232–237.
32. Самуйлов Ю.Ю. Контроль эффективности лечения аллергического ринита. Российская оториноларингология. 2008;1:132–136 [Samujlov Ju.Ju. Monitoring the effectiveness of the treatment of allergic rhinitis. Russian otorhinolaryngology. 2008;1:132–136 (in Russ.)].
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