Problem of chronic migraine comorbidity
1 Veterans Hospital No.1, Moscow
2 LLC “Cefalgolog”, Moscow
A chronic migraine (CM) is a socially significant problem. Comorbid disorders significantly increase the risk of its chronicity, reduce the quality of life, complicate the control of the disease. This article discusses the most significant and common comorbid CM disorders, to a greater extent emotional and personal. Comorbid disorders should be timely diagnosed and taken into account in the prescription of preventive therapy. Methods of drug and non-drug correction, the combination of which is optimal in the treatment of chronic diseases, are considered in detail. Most non-drug methods demonstrate efficacy comparable to drug therapy, besides, well tolerated and, in most cases, do not have an adverse effect. These features of non-drug therapy attract the attention of specialists and patients. The possibility of correction of comorbid CM disorders through combination therapy creates the preconditions for the creation of individually oriented approaches that will increase the effectiveness of treatment and the degree of patient adherence to it.
Key words: chronic migraine, comorbid disorders, depression, anxiety, non-drug therapy.
For citation: Bayushkina L.I., Naprienko M.V. Problem of chronic migraine comorbidity // RMJ. Medical Review. 2018. № 9. P. 37–40.
References
1. Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society (IHS). The International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd ed. (beta version) // Cephalalgia. 2013. Vol. 33. P. 629–808.
2. Aynur Özge A., Uludüz D., Özgür Yalın O. et al. Chronic Migraine: Burden, Comorbidities, and Treatment // Turk J Neurol. 2018. Vol. 24. P. 117–125.
3. Ayzenberg I., Katsarava Z., Sborowski A. et al. The prevalence of primary headache disorders in Russia: a countrywide survey // Cephalalgia. 2012. Vol. 32 (5). P. 373–381.
4. Осипова В.В., Вознесенская Т.Г. Коморбидность мигрени: обзор литературы и подходы к изучению // Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. С.С. Корсакова. 2007. № 107 (3). C. 64–73 [Osipova V.V., Voznesenskaia T.G. Komorbidnost migreni: obzor literatury i podkhody k izucheniiu // ZHurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii im. S.S. Korsakova. 2007. № 107 (3). S. 64–73 (in Russian)].
5. Buse D.C., Manack A.N., Fanning K. et al. Chronic migraine prevalence, disability, and sociodemographic factors: results from the American Migraine Prevalence and Prevention Study // Headache. 2012. Vol. 52. P. 1456–1470.
6. Lipton R.B., Silberstein S.D. Why study the comorbidity of migraine? // Neurology. 1994. Vol. 44. P. 4–5.
7. Silberstein S.D., Dodick D., Freitag F. et al. Pharmacological approaches to managing migraine and associated comorbidities — clinical considerations for monotherapy versus polytherapy // Headache. 2007. Vol. 47. P. 585–599.
8. Buse D.C., Rupnow M.F., Lipton R.B. Assessing and managing all aspects of migraine: migraine attacks, migraine-related functional impairment, common comorbidities, and quality of life // Mayo Clin Proc. 2009. Vol. 84. P. 422–435.
9. Buse D.C., Silberstein S.D., Manack A.N. Psychiatric comorbidities of episodic and chronic migraine // J Neurol. 2013 Vol. 260 (8). P. 1960–1969.
10. Giannini G., Cevoli S., Sambati L., Cortelli P. Migraine: risk factor and comorbidity // Neurol Sci. 2012. Vol. 33. P. 37–41.
11. Stewart W.F., Wood G.C., Manack A. et al. Employment and Work Impact of Chronic Migraine and Episodic Migraine // Occup Environ Med. 2010. Vol. 52. P. 8–14.
12. Negro A., D’Alonzo L., Martelletti P. Chronic migraine: comorbidities, risk factors, and rehabilitation // Intern Emerg Med. 2010. Vol. 5. P. 13–19.
13. Peck K.R., Smitherman T.A., Baskin S.M. Traditional and alternative treatments for depression: implications for migraine managements // Headache. Headache. 2015. Vol. 55 (2). P. 351–355.
14. Juang K.D., Wang S.J., Fuh J.L. et al. Comorbidity of depressive and anxiety disorders in chronic daily headache and its subtypes // Headache. 2000. Vol. 40. P. 818–823.
15. Breslau N. Psychiatric comorbidity inmigraine // Cephalalgia. 1998. Vol. 18. P. 56–61.
16. Zwart J.A., Dyb G., Hagen K. et al. Depression and anxiety disorders associated with headache frequency. The Nord-Trondelag health study // Eur Neurol. 2003. Vol. 10. P. 147–152.
17. Chen Y.C., Tang C.H., Ng K., Wang S.J. Comorbidity profiles of chronic migraine sufferers in a national database in Taiwan // Headache Pain. 2012. Vol. 13. P. 311–319.
18. Ashina S., Serrano D., Lipton R.B. et al. Depression and risk of transformation of episodic to chronic migraine // Headache Pain. 2012. Vol. 13. P. 615–624.
19. Juang K.D., Wang S.J., Fuh J.L. et al. Comorbidity of depressive and anxiety disorders in chronic daily headache and its subtypes // Headache. 2000. Vol. 40. P. 818–823.
20. Breslau N. Psychiatric comorbidity inmigraine // Cephalalgia. 1998. Vol. 18. P. 56–61.
21. Lucchetti G., Peres M.F., Lucchetti A.L. Generalized anxiety disorder, subthreshold anxiety and anxiety symptoms in primary headache // Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2013. Vol. 67. P. 41–49.
22. McWilliams L.A., Goodwin R.D., Cox B.J. Depression and anxiety associated with three pain conditions: results from a nationally representative sample // Pain. 2004. Vol. 111. P. 77–83.
23. Lucchetti G., Peres M.F., Lucchetti A.L. Generalized anxiety disorder, subthreshold anxiety and anxiety symptoms in primary headache // Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2013. Vol. 67. P. 41–49.
24. Sancisi E., Cevoli S., Vignatelli L. Increased prevalence of sleep disorders in chronic headache: a case-control study // Headache. 2010. Vol. 50. P. 1464–1472.
25. Kurth T., Gaziano J.M., Cook N.R. et al. Migraine and risk of cardiovascular disease in women // JAMA. 2006. Vol. 296. P. 283–291.
26. Kruit M.C., van Buchem M.A., Hofman P.A. et al. Migraine as a risk factor for subclinical brain lesions // JAMA. 2004. Vol. 291. P. 427–434.
27. Schürks M., Rist P.M., Bigal M.E. Migraine and cardiovascular disease: systematic review and meta-analysis // BMJ. 2009. Vol. 339. P. 3914.
28. Bigal M.E., Kurth T., Santanello N. et al. Migraine and cardiovascular disease: a population-based study // Neurology. 2010. Vol. 74. P. 628–635.
29. Katsarava Z., Manack A., Yoon M.S. et al. Chronic migraine: classification and comparisons // Cephalalgia. 2011. Vol. 31. P. 520–529.
30. Bigal M.E. Migraine and cardiovascular disease // Arq Neuropsiguiatria. 2011. Vol. 69. P. 122–129.
31. Kruit M.C., Launer L.J., Ferrari M.D., van Buchem M.A. Infarcts in the posterior circulation territory in migraine. The population-based MRI CAMERA study // Brain. 2005. Vol. 128. P. 2068–2077.
32. Scher A.I., Gudmundsson L.S., Sigurdsson S. et al. Migraine headache in middle age and late-life brain infarcts // JAMA. 2009. Vol. 301. P. 2563–2570.
33. Hagen K., Einarsen C., Zwart J.A. et al. The cooccurrence of headache and musculoskeletal symptoms amongst 51,050 adults in Norway // Eur J Neurol. 2002. Vol. 9. P. 527–533.
34. Özge A., Öksüz N., Ayta S. et al. Atopic disorders are more common in childhood migraine and correlated headache phenotype // Pediatr Int. 2014. Vol. 56. P. 868–872.
35. Alehan F., Ozçay F., Erol I. et al. Increased risk for coeliac disease in pediatric patients with migraine // Cephalalgia. 2008. Vol. 28. P. 945–949.
36. Stuginski-Barbosa J., Macedo H.R., Bigal M.E., Speciali J.G. Signs of temporomandibular disorders in migraine patients: a prospective, controlled study // Clin J Pain. 2010. Vol. 26. P. 418–421.
37. Goncalves D.A., Camparis C.M., Speciali J.G. et al. Temporomandibular disorders are differentially associated with headache diagnoses: a controlled study // Clin J Pain. 2011. Vol. 27. P. 611–615.
38. Lipton R.B., Silberstein S.D. Episodic and chronic migraine headache: breaking down barriers to optimal treatment and prevention // Headache. 2015. Vol. 55. P. 103–122.
39. Екушева Е.В., Филатова Е.Г. Головная боль, вызванная сексуальной активностью // Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. С.С. Корсакова. 2003. № 10. С. 22. [Ekusheva E.V., Filatova E.G. Golovnaia bol, vyzvannaia seksualnoi aktivnostiu // Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii im. S.S. Korsakova. 2003. № . 10. S. 22 (in Russian)].
40. Наприенко М.В. Оптимизация использования токсина ботулизма типа А (диспорт) в эстетической неврологии // Вестник дерматологии и венерологии. 2009. № 6. С. 91–96 [Naprienko M.V. Optimizatciia ispolzovaniia toksina botulizma tipa A (disport) v esteticheskoi nevrologii // Vestnik dermatologii i venerologii. 2009. № 6. S. 91–96 (in Russian)].
41. Екушева Е.В. Оптимальные подходы к купированию приступа мигрени: прошлое, настоящее и будущее // РМЖ. 2012. Т. 20 (10). С. 522–526 [Ekusheva E.V. Optimalnye podkhody k kupirovaniiu pristupa migreni: proshloe, nastoiashchee i budushchee // RMZH. 2012. Т. 20 (10). S. 522–526 (in Russian)].
42. Наприенко М.В., Смекалкина Л.В. Стратегии повышения эффективности терапии хронической мигрени // Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. С.С. Корсакова. 2015. T. 115. № 12. С. 70–73 [Naprienko M.V., Smekalkina L.V. Strategii povysheniia effektivnosti terapii khronicheskoi migreni // Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii im. S.S. Korsakova. 2015. Т. 115. № 12. S. 70–73 (in Russian)].
43. Ashkenazi A., Blumenfeld A. Onabotulinumtoxin A for the treatment of headache // Headache. 2013. Vol. 53. P. 54–61.
44. Prophylactic onabotulinumtoxina in patients with chronic migraine and comorbid depression: An open-label, multicenter, pilot study of ef cacy, safety and effect on headache-related disability, depression, and anxiety // International Journal of General Medicine. 2015. Vol. 9. P. 79–86.
45. Kruger T.H.C., Wollmer M.A., Depression an emerging indication for botulinum toxin treatment // Toxicon. 2015. Vol. 107. P. 154–157.
46. Magid M., Reichenberg J.S., Poth P.E. et al. Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder Using Botulinum Toxin A: A 24-Week Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study // Clin Psychiatry. 2014. Vol. 75 (8). P. 837–844.
47. Millstine D., Chen C.Y., Bauer B. Complementary and integrative medicine in the management of headache // BMJ. 2017. Vol. 357. P. 1805.
48. Lawler S.P., Cameron L.D. A randomized, controlled trial of massage therapy as a treatment for migraine // Ann Behav Med. 2006. Vol. 32 (1). P. 50–59.
49. Nestoriuc Y., Martin A. Efficacy of biofeedback for migraine: a meta-analysis // Pain. 2007. Vol. 128 (1–2). P. 111–127.
50. Harris P., Loveman E., Clegg A. et al. Systematic review of cognitive behavioural therapy for the management of headaches and migraines in adults // Br J Pain. 2015. Vol. 9 (4). P. 213–224.
51. Minen M.T., De Dhaem O.B., Van Diest A.K. et al. Migraine and its psychiatric comorbidities // J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2016. Vol. 87. P. 741–749.
52. Rains J.C., Poceta J.S. Sleep and headache // Curr Treat Options Neurol. 2010 Vol. 12 (1). P. 1–15.
53. Linde K., Allais G., Brinkhaus B. et al. Acupuncture for the prevention of episodic migraine // Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016. Vol. 28 (6).CD001218.
54. Сафонов М.И., Наприенко М.В. Рефлексотерапевтические методы в лечении хронической мигрени // Вестник новых медицинских технологий. Электронное издание. 2014. Вып. 1 [Safonov M.I., Naprienko M.V. Refleksoterapevticheskie metody v lechenii khronicheskoi migreni // Vestnik novykh meditcinskikh tekhnologii. Elektronnoe izdanie. 2014. Vyp. 1. (in Russian)]. (Электронный ресурс). URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/v/refleksoterapevticheskie-metody-v-lechenii-hronicheskoy-migreni (дата обращения: 29.10.2018).
2. Aynur Özge A., Uludüz D., Özgür Yalın O. et al. Chronic Migraine: Burden, Comorbidities, and Treatment // Turk J Neurol. 2018. Vol. 24. P. 117–125.
3. Ayzenberg I., Katsarava Z., Sborowski A. et al. The prevalence of primary headache disorders in Russia: a countrywide survey // Cephalalgia. 2012. Vol. 32 (5). P. 373–381.
4. Осипова В.В., Вознесенская Т.Г. Коморбидность мигрени: обзор литературы и подходы к изучению // Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. С.С. Корсакова. 2007. № 107 (3). C. 64–73 [Osipova V.V., Voznesenskaia T.G. Komorbidnost migreni: obzor literatury i podkhody k izucheniiu // ZHurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii im. S.S. Korsakova. 2007. № 107 (3). S. 64–73 (in Russian)].
5. Buse D.C., Manack A.N., Fanning K. et al. Chronic migraine prevalence, disability, and sociodemographic factors: results from the American Migraine Prevalence and Prevention Study // Headache. 2012. Vol. 52. P. 1456–1470.
6. Lipton R.B., Silberstein S.D. Why study the comorbidity of migraine? // Neurology. 1994. Vol. 44. P. 4–5.
7. Silberstein S.D., Dodick D., Freitag F. et al. Pharmacological approaches to managing migraine and associated comorbidities — clinical considerations for monotherapy versus polytherapy // Headache. 2007. Vol. 47. P. 585–599.
8. Buse D.C., Rupnow M.F., Lipton R.B. Assessing and managing all aspects of migraine: migraine attacks, migraine-related functional impairment, common comorbidities, and quality of life // Mayo Clin Proc. 2009. Vol. 84. P. 422–435.
9. Buse D.C., Silberstein S.D., Manack A.N. Psychiatric comorbidities of episodic and chronic migraine // J Neurol. 2013 Vol. 260 (8). P. 1960–1969.
10. Giannini G., Cevoli S., Sambati L., Cortelli P. Migraine: risk factor and comorbidity // Neurol Sci. 2012. Vol. 33. P. 37–41.
11. Stewart W.F., Wood G.C., Manack A. et al. Employment and Work Impact of Chronic Migraine and Episodic Migraine // Occup Environ Med. 2010. Vol. 52. P. 8–14.
12. Negro A., D’Alonzo L., Martelletti P. Chronic migraine: comorbidities, risk factors, and rehabilitation // Intern Emerg Med. 2010. Vol. 5. P. 13–19.
13. Peck K.R., Smitherman T.A., Baskin S.M. Traditional and alternative treatments for depression: implications for migraine managements // Headache. Headache. 2015. Vol. 55 (2). P. 351–355.
14. Juang K.D., Wang S.J., Fuh J.L. et al. Comorbidity of depressive and anxiety disorders in chronic daily headache and its subtypes // Headache. 2000. Vol. 40. P. 818–823.
15. Breslau N. Psychiatric comorbidity inmigraine // Cephalalgia. 1998. Vol. 18. P. 56–61.
16. Zwart J.A., Dyb G., Hagen K. et al. Depression and anxiety disorders associated with headache frequency. The Nord-Trondelag health study // Eur Neurol. 2003. Vol. 10. P. 147–152.
17. Chen Y.C., Tang C.H., Ng K., Wang S.J. Comorbidity profiles of chronic migraine sufferers in a national database in Taiwan // Headache Pain. 2012. Vol. 13. P. 311–319.
18. Ashina S., Serrano D., Lipton R.B. et al. Depression and risk of transformation of episodic to chronic migraine // Headache Pain. 2012. Vol. 13. P. 615–624.
19. Juang K.D., Wang S.J., Fuh J.L. et al. Comorbidity of depressive and anxiety disorders in chronic daily headache and its subtypes // Headache. 2000. Vol. 40. P. 818–823.
20. Breslau N. Psychiatric comorbidity inmigraine // Cephalalgia. 1998. Vol. 18. P. 56–61.
21. Lucchetti G., Peres M.F., Lucchetti A.L. Generalized anxiety disorder, subthreshold anxiety and anxiety symptoms in primary headache // Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2013. Vol. 67. P. 41–49.
22. McWilliams L.A., Goodwin R.D., Cox B.J. Depression and anxiety associated with three pain conditions: results from a nationally representative sample // Pain. 2004. Vol. 111. P. 77–83.
23. Lucchetti G., Peres M.F., Lucchetti A.L. Generalized anxiety disorder, subthreshold anxiety and anxiety symptoms in primary headache // Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2013. Vol. 67. P. 41–49.
24. Sancisi E., Cevoli S., Vignatelli L. Increased prevalence of sleep disorders in chronic headache: a case-control study // Headache. 2010. Vol. 50. P. 1464–1472.
25. Kurth T., Gaziano J.M., Cook N.R. et al. Migraine and risk of cardiovascular disease in women // JAMA. 2006. Vol. 296. P. 283–291.
26. Kruit M.C., van Buchem M.A., Hofman P.A. et al. Migraine as a risk factor for subclinical brain lesions // JAMA. 2004. Vol. 291. P. 427–434.
27. Schürks M., Rist P.M., Bigal M.E. Migraine and cardiovascular disease: systematic review and meta-analysis // BMJ. 2009. Vol. 339. P. 3914.
28. Bigal M.E., Kurth T., Santanello N. et al. Migraine and cardiovascular disease: a population-based study // Neurology. 2010. Vol. 74. P. 628–635.
29. Katsarava Z., Manack A., Yoon M.S. et al. Chronic migraine: classification and comparisons // Cephalalgia. 2011. Vol. 31. P. 520–529.
30. Bigal M.E. Migraine and cardiovascular disease // Arq Neuropsiguiatria. 2011. Vol. 69. P. 122–129.
31. Kruit M.C., Launer L.J., Ferrari M.D., van Buchem M.A. Infarcts in the posterior circulation territory in migraine. The population-based MRI CAMERA study // Brain. 2005. Vol. 128. P. 2068–2077.
32. Scher A.I., Gudmundsson L.S., Sigurdsson S. et al. Migraine headache in middle age and late-life brain infarcts // JAMA. 2009. Vol. 301. P. 2563–2570.
33. Hagen K., Einarsen C., Zwart J.A. et al. The cooccurrence of headache and musculoskeletal symptoms amongst 51,050 adults in Norway // Eur J Neurol. 2002. Vol. 9. P. 527–533.
34. Özge A., Öksüz N., Ayta S. et al. Atopic disorders are more common in childhood migraine and correlated headache phenotype // Pediatr Int. 2014. Vol. 56. P. 868–872.
35. Alehan F., Ozçay F., Erol I. et al. Increased risk for coeliac disease in pediatric patients with migraine // Cephalalgia. 2008. Vol. 28. P. 945–949.
36. Stuginski-Barbosa J., Macedo H.R., Bigal M.E., Speciali J.G. Signs of temporomandibular disorders in migraine patients: a prospective, controlled study // Clin J Pain. 2010. Vol. 26. P. 418–421.
37. Goncalves D.A., Camparis C.M., Speciali J.G. et al. Temporomandibular disorders are differentially associated with headache diagnoses: a controlled study // Clin J Pain. 2011. Vol. 27. P. 611–615.
38. Lipton R.B., Silberstein S.D. Episodic and chronic migraine headache: breaking down barriers to optimal treatment and prevention // Headache. 2015. Vol. 55. P. 103–122.
39. Екушева Е.В., Филатова Е.Г. Головная боль, вызванная сексуальной активностью // Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. С.С. Корсакова. 2003. № 10. С. 22. [Ekusheva E.V., Filatova E.G. Golovnaia bol, vyzvannaia seksualnoi aktivnostiu // Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii im. S.S. Korsakova. 2003. № . 10. S. 22 (in Russian)].
40. Наприенко М.В. Оптимизация использования токсина ботулизма типа А (диспорт) в эстетической неврологии // Вестник дерматологии и венерологии. 2009. № 6. С. 91–96 [Naprienko M.V. Optimizatciia ispolzovaniia toksina botulizma tipa A (disport) v esteticheskoi nevrologii // Vestnik dermatologii i venerologii. 2009. № 6. S. 91–96 (in Russian)].
41. Екушева Е.В. Оптимальные подходы к купированию приступа мигрени: прошлое, настоящее и будущее // РМЖ. 2012. Т. 20 (10). С. 522–526 [Ekusheva E.V. Optimalnye podkhody k kupirovaniiu pristupa migreni: proshloe, nastoiashchee i budushchee // RMZH. 2012. Т. 20 (10). S. 522–526 (in Russian)].
42. Наприенко М.В., Смекалкина Л.В. Стратегии повышения эффективности терапии хронической мигрени // Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. С.С. Корсакова. 2015. T. 115. № 12. С. 70–73 [Naprienko M.V., Smekalkina L.V. Strategii povysheniia effektivnosti terapii khronicheskoi migreni // Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii im. S.S. Korsakova. 2015. Т. 115. № 12. S. 70–73 (in Russian)].
43. Ashkenazi A., Blumenfeld A. Onabotulinumtoxin A for the treatment of headache // Headache. 2013. Vol. 53. P. 54–61.
44. Prophylactic onabotulinumtoxina in patients with chronic migraine and comorbid depression: An open-label, multicenter, pilot study of ef cacy, safety and effect on headache-related disability, depression, and anxiety // International Journal of General Medicine. 2015. Vol. 9. P. 79–86.
45. Kruger T.H.C., Wollmer M.A., Depression an emerging indication for botulinum toxin treatment // Toxicon. 2015. Vol. 107. P. 154–157.
46. Magid M., Reichenberg J.S., Poth P.E. et al. Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder Using Botulinum Toxin A: A 24-Week Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study // Clin Psychiatry. 2014. Vol. 75 (8). P. 837–844.
47. Millstine D., Chen C.Y., Bauer B. Complementary and integrative medicine in the management of headache // BMJ. 2017. Vol. 357. P. 1805.
48. Lawler S.P., Cameron L.D. A randomized, controlled trial of massage therapy as a treatment for migraine // Ann Behav Med. 2006. Vol. 32 (1). P. 50–59.
49. Nestoriuc Y., Martin A. Efficacy of biofeedback for migraine: a meta-analysis // Pain. 2007. Vol. 128 (1–2). P. 111–127.
50. Harris P., Loveman E., Clegg A. et al. Systematic review of cognitive behavioural therapy for the management of headaches and migraines in adults // Br J Pain. 2015. Vol. 9 (4). P. 213–224.
51. Minen M.T., De Dhaem O.B., Van Diest A.K. et al. Migraine and its psychiatric comorbidities // J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2016. Vol. 87. P. 741–749.
52. Rains J.C., Poceta J.S. Sleep and headache // Curr Treat Options Neurol. 2010 Vol. 12 (1). P. 1–15.
53. Linde K., Allais G., Brinkhaus B. et al. Acupuncture for the prevention of episodic migraine // Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016. Vol. 28 (6).CD001218.
54. Сафонов М.И., Наприенко М.В. Рефлексотерапевтические методы в лечении хронической мигрени // Вестник новых медицинских технологий. Электронное издание. 2014. Вып. 1 [Safonov M.I., Naprienko M.V. Refleksoterapevticheskie metody v lechenii khronicheskoi migreni // Vestnik novykh meditcinskikh tekhnologii. Elektronnoe izdanie. 2014. Vyp. 1. (in Russian)]. (Электронный ресурс). URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/v/refleksoterapevticheskie-metody-v-lechenii-hronicheskoy-migreni (дата обращения: 29.10.2018).
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons «Attribution» 4.0 License.
Previous article
Next article
Распечатать