Cranial diabetic neuropathies
Pizova N.V.

Yaroslavl State Medical University

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disease in which neuropathies often develop. The frequency of neuropathy among patients with diabetes, depending on the method of their detection, varies from 25% to 90%. This article presents the clinical classification of asymmetric diabetic neuropathies (DNP). Cranial neuropathies (CNR) are considered in detail. Literature data on the prevalence of CNR with lesions of the third, fourth, sixth and seventh cranial nerves are presented. A clinical picture of cranial diabetic neuropathies with the lesion of certain oculomotor nerves is described both in isolation and in combination. Data on the clinical course of diabetic ophthalmoplegia are presented. Particular attention is paid to the main types of treatment: control of glycemia, pathogenetic therapy, the use of symptomatic drugs in the presence of pain syndrome. The possibilities of pathogenetic therapy of diabetic neuropathies and the place of preparations containing B vitamins in the treatment of this pathology are considered in detail. Group B vitamins have a wide spectrum of pharmacodynamics properties and are involved as coenzyme forms in most metabolic processes. The variant of application of complex preparations of group B vitamins in DNP treatment is considered.

Key words: diabetes mellitus, cranial neuropathy, B vitamins.
For citation: Pizova N.V. Cranial diabetic neuropathies // RMJ. 2017. № 24. P. 1756–1758.