Important issues of fungal sensitization: aerobiological aspects
DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2021-5-1-4-9
K.S. Mazokha1, M.V. Manzhos1, L.R. Khabibulina1, N.V. Vlasova2, L.M. Kavelenova2
1Medical University "Reaviz", Samara, Russian Federation
2Samara National Research University, Samara, Russian Federation
Aim: to assess the dynamics of mold sporulation in Samara to predict the risk of allergy development and exacerbation.
Patients and Methods: mold spore samples were collected from April 1 to September 30 in 2016–2019 using trap impactor and placed on slides coated with Vaseline-wax mixture. Mold spores were calculated and referred to various taxa. Allergy risks were predicted. Thresholds for evoking asthma are estimated to be 100 spores/m3 for Alternaria and 3,000 spores/m3 for Cladosporium.
Results: in Samara, average mold vegetative period was 164 days. Cladosporium and Alternaria spores were identified. Their spores were estimated as 34.4% of total atmospheric spores in Samara. Cladosporium spores estimated as 15.3% of total fungal spores were identified during the whole observation period. Maximum concentration was less than 960 spores/m3 having been within the average range. Alternaria spores were estimated as 19.1%. The proportion of days exceeding the threshold value of 100 spores/m3 was 6% to 81% having been the highest in July-September.
Conclusion: prerequisites for the development of fungal sensitization were revealed. Regional specificity of sporulation in Samara was illustrated. Major mold taxa were identified. Allergy risks in Alternaria and Cladosporium sensitization were assessed. The highest total average monthly amount of Alternaria spores was during Artemisia and Ambrosia pollination season. This could be challenging for the diagnosis and treatment of patients suffering from allergic symptom exacerbations during this period. Our findings will improve the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of allergic disorders in Samara.
Keywords: aerobiological monitoring, allergy, mold spores, Cladosporium, Alternaria, fungal sensitization.
For citation: Mazokha K.S., Manzhos M.V., Khabibulina L.R. et al. Important issues of fungal sensitization: aerobiological aspects. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2021;5(1):4–9. DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2021-5-1-4-9.
About the authors:
Ksenia S. Mazokha — Assistant of the Department of Internal Diseases, Medical University “Reaviz”; 227, Chapaevskaya str., Samara, 443001, Russian Federation; ORCID iD 0000-0001-5835-9655.
Marina V. Manzhos — Doct. of Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of Internal Diseases, Medical University “Reaviz”; 227, Chapaevskaya str., Samara, 443001, Russian Federation; ORCID iD 0000-0001-6930-6372.
Lyudmila R. Khabibulina — Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Morphology and Pathology, Medical University “Reaviz”; 227, Chapaevskaya str., Samara, 443001, Russian Federation; ORCID iD 0000-0002-9806-6942.
Natalia V. Vlasova — Cand. of Sci. (Biol.), Senior Lecturer of the Department of Ecology, Botany, and Conservation, Samara National Research University; 34, Moskovskoye highway, Samara, 443086, Russian Federation; ORCID iD 0000-0001-9515-3007.
Lyudmila M. Kavelenova — Doct. of Sci. (Biol.), Professor, Head of the Department of Ecology, Botany, and Conservation, Samara National Research University; 34, Moskovskoye highway, Samara, 443086, Russian Federation; ORCID iD 6508175376.
Contact information: Marina V. Manzhos, e-mail: mmv_kinel@mail.ru. Financial Disclosure: no authors have a financial or property interest in any material or method mentioned. There is no conflict of interests. Received 05.03.2020, revised 28.04.2020, accepted 20.05.2020.
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