Phenotypic classification of rhinitis and major treatment approaches
E.P. Karpova, A.D. Baratashvili
Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow
This paper addresses current classification of rhinitis by phenotypes, pathogenesis, and treatment. Currently, allergic rhinitis in children is an important medical issue. In 2005, according to official data, the prevalence of this disorder in Russia was 441.3 per 100,000 children. Undoubtedly, the real prevalence of allergic rhinitis in children is much higher. Recent studies demonstrate that if allergic rhinitis rate continues to rise in Europe, there will be one child without allergic rhinitis for two children with allergic rhinitis. Impaired cognitive functions resulting from nasal obstruction in allergic rhinitis exacerbations are of particular importance. One should remember that ENT disorders are common complications of allergic rhinitis, e.g., chronic rhinosinusitis finally develops in 75% of patients with allergic rhinitis.
Various medications (systemic and topical H1 antagonists, steroids, intranasal cromones, leukotriene receptor antagonists) are used for allergic rhinitis. This paper discusses potential use of topical antihistamines using the example of azelastine (Allergodil®) as well as clinical trials on this drug and its efficacy in children.
Keywords: rhinitis phenotypes, allergic rhinitis, postnasal drip, treatment approaches, azelastine.
For citation: Karpova E.P., Baratashvili A.D. Phenotypic classification of rhinitis and major treatment approaches. RMJ. Medical Review. 2019;8:33–36.
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