Features of etiological diagnosis of lymphoproliferative syndrome in children
M.V.Drozdova, Yu.S. Preobrazhenskaya, E.V.Tyrnova, S.N.Larionova

Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech

Aim: to analyse the features of etiological diagnosis of lymphoproliferative syndrome in children-candidates for surgical treatment.
Patients and Methods: 233 children aged from 3 to 16 years with acute lymphoproliferative syndrome, 157 children aged from 3 to 16 years with chronic lymphoproliferative syndrome, 100 children aged from 1 to 7 years with a high degree of hearing loss were examined in Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech. In addition to a general examination, hematological examination was carried out, including verification of the diagnosis of herpes infection.
Results: it was established that the acute form of lymphoproliferative syndrome in 33.5% of cases was caused by beta-hemolytic streptococcus. In 30.9% of the examined children, heterophilic antibodies associated with infectious mononucleosis were detected in the serum. In 16% of children, the acute lymphoproliferative syndrome of mixed etiology was diagnosed: infectious mononucleosis and streptococcal infection. Chronic lymphoproliferative syndrome was detected in 157 children from among those who applied to decide on the need for surgical treatment. It was established that in most cases (more than 74%) the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is the etiological factor in the development of lymphoid proliferation. Cytomegalovirus infection in most cases was detected in combination with other pathogens — in 34.39% of cases with EBV, and in 14.65% — with EBV and beta-hemolytic streptococcus.
Conclusion: for verification of the diagnosis, it is now advisable to introduce modern methods of laboratory diagnostics, which will increase the level of patient care in connection with the etiological diagnosis. Clarification of the etiology of lymphadenopathy of infectious origin is a necessary condition for adequate etiotropic therapy. The emergence of information about new etiological agents of lymphoproliferative syndrome in children and modern laboratory and diagnostic technologies gives some hope for the development of effective measures to prevent and treat these diseases and reduce the burden of economic load on the state.

Key words: cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, children, lymphoproliferative syndrome, high degree of hearing loss.
For citation: Drozdova M.V., Preobrazhenskaya Yu.S., Tyrnova E.V., Larionova S.N. Features of etiological diagnosis 
of lymphoproliferative syndrome in children // RMJ. 2018. № 10(II). P. 63–67.