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Antibiotic resistance of the main ENT pathogens

Abstract

O.U. Stetsyuk, I.V. Andreeva, O.A. Egorova

Smolensk State Medical University

This review analyzes the antibiotic resistance state of the main bacterial ENT pathogens in such infections as Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis, isolated in the Russian Federation for the period from 1999 to 2018. The multicenter microbiological studies data (PeGAS, CERBERUS, SOAR, etc.) and Antimicrobial Resistance Map in Russia allow determining the resistance development trends and identifying antibiotics that retain maximum activity against respiratory pathogens.

Currently, Amoxicillin/+ [clavulanic acid], parenteral third-generation cephalosporins (Cefotaxime and Ceftriaxone), respiratory fluoroquinolones (Levofloxacin and Moxifloxacin) retain high activity against all these pathogens. In recent years, there have been alarming trends in antibiotic resistance of these pathogens, namely: 1) gradual resistance increase in S. pyogenes to macrolides; 2) increase in the number of H. influenzae b-lactamase-producing strains resistant to unprotected aminopenicillins; 3) increase in pneumococci resistance to macrolides; 4) S. pneumoniae strains spread with reduced sensitivity to penicillin, as well as the manifestation and spread of penicillin-resistant pneumococci in certain regions. It is necessary to conduct further continuous epidemiological surveillance of main bacterial ENT pathogens antibiotic resistance in Russia.

Keywords: Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, antibiotic resistance, Amoxicillin, Amoxicillin + [clavulanic acid], macrolides, Ceftriaxone, Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin, ENT infections.

For citation: Stetsyuk O.U., Andreeva I.V., Egorova O.A. Antibiotic resistance of the main ENT pathogens. RMJ. Medical Review. 2019;9(II):78–83.

Антибиотикорезистентность основных возбудителей ЛОР-заболеваний
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