Evolution of the clinical and pathogenetic characteristics of the coronavirus disease COVID-19
DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2022-6-11-626-634
A.V. Gorelov1,2, A.A. Ploskireva1,3, A.D. Muzyka1
1Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of the Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Moscow, Russian Federation
2A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow, Russian Federation
3Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
The review elucidates the evolution of the clinical and pathogenetic characteristics of the novel coronavirus infection COVID-19. Currently, the mutagenesis of SARS-CoV-2 which has led to natural selection of several mutations with distinct functional effects is considered as the key mechanism determining the major parameters of the disease pathogenesis, clinical course, and epidemiology. In general, as compared with the diseases caused by delta and beta variants, omicron variant infection is associated with a lower number of severe cases, a higher prevalence of sore throat and a lower prevalence of headache, diarrhea, taste loss, and anosmia. The evolution of the clinical course of coronavirus infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 is characterized by less severity of the disease in adult patients and a higher hospitalization risk in children, especially those under 5 years of age. The described evolution of pathogenetic aspects of the coronavirus disease COVID-19 supports t he search for effective and safe antivirals with a broad spectrum of activity approved for using in children of different age groups. The list of such medications includes pentanedioic acid imidazolyl ethanamide. Its efficacy and safety have been proven for the treatment of a wide range of acute viral respiratory infections and COVID-19 in multiple clinical trials.
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, acute viral respiratory infections, mutations, mutagenesis, omicron,delta, pentanedioic acid imidazolyl ethanamide.
For citation: Gorelov A.V., Ploskireva A.A., Muzyka A.D. Evolution of the clinical and pathogenetic characteristics of the coronavirus disease COVID-19. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2022;6(11):626–634 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2022-6-11-626-634.
About the authors:
Aleksandr V. Gorelov — Academician of RAS, Dr. Sc. (Med.), Professor, Deputy Director for Research, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of the Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and
Human Well-Being; 3A, Novogireevskaya str., Moscow, 111123, Russian Federation; Head of the Department of Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology, A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry; 20/1, Delegatskaya str., Moscow, 127473, Russian Federation; ORCID iD 0000-0001-9257-0171.
Antoninna A. Ploskireva — Dr. Sc. (Med.), Deputy Director for Clinical Activity, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of the Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being; 3A, Novogireevskaya str., Moscow, 111123, Russian Federation; Professor of the Department of Pediatrics with Infectious Diseases in Children of the Faculty of Additional Professional Education, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; 1, Ostrovityanov str., Moscow, 117437, Russian Federation; ORCID iD 0000-0002-3612-1889.
Anna D. Muzyka — C. Sc. (Med.), senior researcher of the Clinical Department of infectious Diseases, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of the Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being; 3A, Novogireevskaya str., Moscow, 111123, Russian Federation; ORCID iD 0000-0002-2269-2533.
Contact information: Antoninna A. Ploskireva, e-mail: antoninna@mail.ru.
Financial Disclosure: no authors have a financial or property interest in any material or method mentioned.
There is no conflict of interests.
Received 05.09.2022.
Revised 28.09.2022.
Accepted 21.10.2022.
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