New ways to acute infectious diarrhea treatment

V.V. Maleev, A.A. Ploskireva

Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow

At present, acute intestinal infections (AII) remain a significant problem in the clinic of infectious diseases. This fact is due to the high frequency of this pathology (which is the second after acute respiratory infections) with the complications likelihood, whereas for pediatric practice — with the fatal case risk. The article shows the following interrelated key pathogenic mechanisms of gastrointestinal lesion: dehydration syndrome (with increased gut permeability, increased secretion, inflammatory response development of the intestinal mucosa), microbiocenosis system destabilization and protective properties reduction of the mucin layer. All of them cause a symptom complex similar in various infectious lesions, e.g., fever, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and etc.

Oral rehydration is the basis of the AII pathogenetic treatment, the effectiveness of which is also reflected in the mortality rate decrease, considering the fact that the leading pathogenic link in AII is the dehydration syndrome development. One of the promising AII pathogenetic therapy areas is the search for drugs regulating intestinal secretion with no effect on its motility and adverse event’s absence in the central and peripheral nervous systems. A review and comparative analysis of the racecadotril antisecretory drug effectiveness is presented in the article.

Keywords: acute intestinal infections, dehydration syndrome, oral rehydration, antisecretory drugs, racecadotril, Diasec.

For citation: Maleev V.V., Ploskireva A.A. New ways to acute infectious diarrhea treatment. RMJ. 2019;5:45–48.