Metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases
Tsanava I.A., Sharonova L.A., Verbovoy A.F.

Samara State Medical University

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a combination of various metabolic disorders and / or diseases that are the risk factors for the early development of atherosclerosis. The study of this syndrome remains an actual problem due to its high prevalence, which reaches 24% depending on the diagnostic criteria. Patients with MS have a high risk of developing cardiovascular diseases: dyslipidemia, coronary atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, stroke, sudden cardiac death. The key factors in the pathogenesis of MS are insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinemia. Initially compensatory hyperinsulinemia allows to maintain carbohydrate metabolism at the normal rate, but at the same time it contributes to the development of metabolic, hemodynamic and organ disorders, which lead to the onset of diabetes mellitus (diabetes) and cardiovascular diseases. Also, the development of insulin resistance can be caused by the imbalance in the content of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α) and fatty tissue hormones-adipokines, whose pathophysiological effects have recently been actively studied by scientists. The most studied adipokines include leptin, adiponectin and resistin, each of which is considered as a possible marker for the development of cardiovascular pathology. This article reviews the information about MS in terms of its influence on the development and course of diseases of the cardiovascular system.

Key words: metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, cardiovascular diseases, adiponectin, leptin, resistin.
For citation: Tsanava I.A., Sharonova L.A., Verbovoy A.F. Metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases // RMJ. 2017. № 11. P. 785–789.